In mathematical formulae the carat (^) and underscore (_) introduce superscripts or subscripts respectively, of one character or a group enclosed in curly braces ({xyz}). Elsewhere underscores delimit italics in the text, and braces enclose the original page numbers thus {123}.
BY AUGUSTUS DE MORGAN
A BUDGET OF PARADOXES
REPRINTED WITH THE AUTHOR'S ADDITIONS FROM THE ATHENAEUM
SECOND EDITION EDITED BY DAVID EUGENE SMITH
WITH A NEW INTRODUCTION BY ERNEST NAGEL
PROFESSOR OF PHILOSOPHY, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY
UNABRIDGED EDITION--TWO VOLUMES BOUND AS ONE
Volume II
DOVER PUBLICATIONS, INC., NEW YORK
* * * * *
_This new Dover Edition, published in 1954, is an unabridged republication of the Second Edition of 1915, with a new introduction by Professor Ernest Nagel._
_Copyright 1954 by Dover Publications, Inc. Manufactured in the United States of America_
* * * * *
{1}
A BUDGET OF PARADOXES.
VOLUME II.
ON SOME PHILOSOPHICAL ATHEISTS.
With the general run of the philosophical atheists of the last century the notion of a God was an hypothesis. There was left an admitted possibility that the vague somewhat which went by more names than one, might be personal, intelligent, and superintendent. In the works of Laplace,[1] who is sometimes called an atheist from his writings, there is nothing from which such an inference can be drawn: unless indeed a Reverend Fellow of the Royal Society may be held to be the fool who said in his heart, etc., etc., if his contributions to the _Philosophical Transactions_ go no higher than _nature_. The following anecdote is well known in Paris, but has never been printed entire. Laplace once went in form to present some edition of his "Systeme du Monde" to the First Consul, or Emperor. Napoleon, whom some wags had told that this book contained no mention of the name of God, and who was fond of putting embarrassing questions, received it with--"M. Laplace, they tell me you have written this large book on the system of the universe, and have never even mentioned its Creator." Laplace, who, though the most supple of politicians, was as stiff as a martyr on every point of his philosophy or religion (e. g., even under Charles X he never concealed his dislike of the priests), drew himself up and answered {2} bluntly, "Je n'avais pas besoin de cette hypothese-la."[2] Napoleon, greatly amused, told this reply to Lagrange, who exclaimed, "Ah! c'est une belle hypothese; ca explique beaucoup de choses."[3]
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: A Budget of Paradoxes, Volume II by De Morgan
- 2: The following story is told by Thiebault
- 3: And comparing to blockheads those who expose his nonsense
- 4: Of Further Observations upon the Planets Neptune and Uranus
- 5: The word irreptitious is indubitable
- 6: Was in controversy with the Athenaeum journal
- 7: But the trisector virtually says it can be
- 8: 38 This Englishman was Richard Baily
- 9: Says that the government of the U
- 10: Perigal that he is a follower at least
- 11: For the Jesuans invaded them in a missionary way
- 12: On the true Church being Catholic
- 13: The article indexed has Unitarian minister
- 14: Than by writing pro fide vindicata
- 15: We shall have Big Shibboleth by and bye
- 16: Totidem syllabis and totidem literis
- 17: The Protestant sects on the other
- 18: If Peter Piper picked a peck of pepper
- 19: God deduced from man and his history
- 20: And this oxygen was infinitely rarefied
- 21: Reasons for belief in judicial astrology
- 22: The late Baron Zach 88 received a letter from Pons
- 23: Without the alleged coincidence of death and secondly
- 24: Was the Duchess and not Mansuete
- 25: Of course I could not see a proof and two errata occurred
- 26: Murphy invites attention and objection to some assertions
- 27: James Smith in referring to him as a spiritualist
- 28: Van Schooten meaning Francis Van Schooten 123
- 29: Il Mediterraneo gazetta di Malta
- 30: And 512th powers are given at the back of the announcement
- 31: If all the digits were equally likely
- 32: And forms these cometic meteors
- 33: The author impresses it on the mathematician that
- 34: Futurorum potest existere comprobatio
- 35: And cry glory to De Morgan and glory to Boole
- 36: The church is Alpha delta Chi
- 37: I might legitimately have entered it among my paradoxes
- 38: The first book of Phonetic Reading
- 39: An essay on Anemology and Ombrology
- 40: Said the respondent Recte non statuit Newtonus
- 41: Zetetic Astronomy Earth not a globe
- 42: The Zetetic Astronomy has come into my hands
- 43: The sun dips into the western ocean
- 44: 1860 and there are some remarks by Mr
- 45: As to the Junius question in general
- 46: Except I drink it 'new with you Cottleites
- 47: Cottle will spend all that she hath
- 48: The clergy of the Established Church
- 49: The Supreme Pontiff of cyclometers
- 50: Smith thereupon opened a correspondence
- 51: You are in error about the diagonal
- 52: In the animalcule of a still larger globe
- 53: He gets within the fifth part of a farthing in 100l
- 54: But the product 791 791 1280 is less than 1280 x 1280
- 55: And if the radius be still 1280
- 56: Euclid assumes what he wants to disprove
- 57: And these means are x 5 cuberoot 4
- 58: Tit for tat is logic all the world over
- 59: But in geometry and rational arithmetic he is a smatterer
- 60: And now I have made my own age a problem of quadrature
- 61: Hobhouse to be thinking of him in a certain sentence
- 62: Because he signs himself Nauticus
- 63: To a camp meeting of circle squarers
- 64: Nicollet was the author of the Moon hoax
- 65: The Hailesean System of Astronomy
- 66: Par le Capitaine au longcours Justin Roblin
- 67: 244 which he obtained from Robert Stephenson
- 68: Sheepshanks having called this a deliberate calumny
- 69: But such a paradox has existed
- 70: With reference to the mode of entrance of contributors
- 71: The Nautical Almanack for 1851 will contain Mr
- 72: The Companion to this Almanack
- 73: Halliwell is treated just as T
- 74: Aims to be associated with the decimal of plurality
- 75: Olim Damnatum aerumnis suppliciisque caput
- 76: Houlston squares at about four poetical quotations in a page
- 77: And so good bye to 666 for the present
- 78: And Darius has in another an antitype
- 79: Deus donatori libenter favet
- 80: C'est donc pour arriver a ce parallelisme
- 81: For Phaeinus Helius is the shining sun himself
- 82: 298 then member for Kidderminster
- 83: That an the wants of the people
- 84: Please to remember the waiter in integers
- 85: Not as a basis
- 86: Gentlemen said of a farthing
- 87: Nevertheless infinitum a laugh
- 88: Horror struck by the threat of decimals
- 89: Proposed to be called the tonal system
- 90: Fylander thrown into our December
- 91: With twelve sounds only in the octave
- 92: 367975431 of the equation 1379
- 93: A method of calculating logarithms
- 94: And little fleas have lesser fleas
- 95: Howitt is a preacher of spiritualism
- 96: Undivided the Niddy Noddy Noodle
- 97: The virtus dormitiva 343 of opium
- 98: The schoolman had recourse to first principles
- 99: The reviewer finds that the word amosgepotically
- 100: John Long on account of Jenner
- 101: The week is made to wax and wane
- 102: Having read that the circular ratio was undetermined
- 103: To a radius of a circle of diameter 1
- 104: 70712 for the square root of 1 2
- 105: Is the geometrical quadrature
- 106: And could then Thau you with the Thau of Ezekiel ix
- 107: Avant que de pousser en quarte
- 108: Again in the controverted list
- 109: There is no 7A but 7 is the Museum of Materia Medica
- 110: 226 I might have said more of 666
- 111: Vicarius Generalis Dei in Terris
- 112: 44 increases that which he has made as the Elohim
- 113: Thom prints it as convinced of its piety
- 114: In re swastika versus maltese cross
- 115: It is an article from the Athenaeum
- 116: De Faure in equations did surpass
- 117: They are caricature of blundering
- 118: He addressed me as follows Corr
- 119: With the clenched fist behind them
- 120: Your very sincere and favorite tutelary
- 121: And the answer is magnitude 12d
- 122: Erroneous arithmetical notions
- 123: And also to explain the fraction 32l
- 124: Is the next paradoxical thing of all
- 125: The undersigned Students We
- 126: As truly interpreted contradict one another
- 127: But the sophism is left largely in excess
- 128: And this letter to the asterisk
- 129: Of the English editions of Mose's Hodder
- 130: Je crus que cet eveque exaggerait
- 131: Author of the Aboriginal Britons
- 132: The metallic tractors are disused
- 133: Pindar's Greek tengon must be Englished by shedding
- 134: The poetic notion of the quadrature must not be forgotten
- 135: Amused his leisure with quadrature
- 136: And Chambers simply Cyclopaedia
- 137: Ringelberg says that if the right nostril bleed
- 138: Take any dictionary you please
- 139: The Encyclopaedia Britannica is an old friend
- 140: On narrowly examining our best Cyclopaedias
- 141: That of the two editions of the Britannica cost 41
- 142: That Peter Dupuis said to Bouillaud
- 143: Review of macclesfield letters
- 144: Which contained those of Oughtred 494 and others
- 145: Our eye was caught by a letter of Oughtred 1629
- 146: Dary writes to Newton at Cambridge
- 147: It is recorded somewhere that Cocker and another
- 148: Was the means of elevating Cocker to his present pedestal
- 149: 574 afterwards assisted by Pell
- 150: Having glanced at it and detected quadrature
- 151: And a mystic of a different type from Behmen
- 152: And whose exposition of Behmen exists only in MS
- 153: Mercurius comprehendeth all the four forms
- 154: It was either this Fiddlefaddle
- 155: There is Typography the metallurgist
- 156: Take sentences from Bacon and Raleigh
- 157: 615 as the Leipzig Acts call him probably Dethleu Cluvier
- 158: Montucla charges Cluvier with unsquaring the parabola
- 159: Abstracting from the insignificant excentricity of the orbit
- 160: The great pseudomath of our time
- 161: Laplace and Horace are about equally well imitated
- 162: And that Spurius Cassius was hanged for passing bad money
- 163: Reddie got them out of himself
- 164: Reddie omits some words is now in doubt and abeyance
- 165: Reddie is not ready at reading satire
- 166: Reddie represents me as dreaming over paltry paradoxes
- 167: To the twopenny box of the stall
- 168: Detect the paradoxer for themselves
- 169: As being of high standing in mathematics
- 170: You will oblige me by returning the prospectus of my work
- 171: Reddie if either be deparadoxed by the treatment
- 172: I look down upon the other scavengers
- 173: Thystlis and breris crescentia gramina laedunt
- 174: Which is therefore incommensurable
- 175: Psi z n diminishing without limit
- 176: Stifelius 374 did not take the advice
- 177: See Royal Astronomical Society
- 178: Circulating media of mathematics
- 179: A Budget of Paradoxes, Volume II by De Morgan
- 180: French academy on circle squaring
- 181: A Budget of Paradoxes, Volume II by De Morgan
- 182: Mathematical Illustrations of Doctrine
- 183: Protestant and Papal Christendom
- 184: A Budget of Paradoxes, Volume II by De Morgan
- 185: Speculative thought in England
- 186: The Bourbons exiled him in 1816
- 187: He wrote A Plea for Schools 1847
- 188: Perhaps both derivations conspired the word whiggamor
- 189: If you do not reform your Liturgy
- 190: He died of tuberculosis four years later
- 191: Novae et correctae tabulae solis 1792
- 192: Instinctive Natural Religion 1858
- 193: The Problemi of 1861 contains Anghera's portrait
- 194: In his Su shu Chiu chang of 1247
- 195: With duodecimal fractions instead of decimals
- 196: The Phonographic Lecturer London
- 197: Et aussi obscurs que les ecrits de cette vieille
- 198: To which De Morgan contributed
- 199: He was created Baron Broughton de Gyfford in 1851
- 200: And from 1857 to 1863 by Brooman and E
- 201: 263 James Orchard Halliwell 1820 1889
- 202: 286 Eudoxus of Cnidus 408 355 B
- 203: Another Irish astronomer of prominence
- 204: 313 Sir John Wrottesley 1798 1867
- 205: 341 Baron Zach relates that a friend of his
- 206: Thom also wrote The Assurance of Faith
- 207: Greek Bonneparte Bonneparte
- 208: Et les quatre doigtz d'icelle mouvoit lentement en l'aer
- 209: 404 Dionysius Lardner 1793 1859
- 210: And 34 were published by his deputies 1588 1599
- 211: Besides the Aboriginal Britons
- 212: 465 Encyclopaedia Metropolitana
- 213: He lectured in the United States in 1848 1849
- 214: Although Savilian professor of astronomy at Oxford
- 215: Who improved the micrometer already invented by Gascoigne
- 216: And completed A geometrical practise
- 217: With an English translation in 1626
- 218: And Prebend of Westminster 1661
- 219: He lectured in German on medicine at Basel
- 220: 615 Dethlef Cluvier or Cluever d
- 221: The work to which De Morgan refers
- 222: May every Bavius have his Bufo still
- 223: Greek dioklasianos 'dioklalasianos' in original
