A Grammar of Freethought.
BY CHAPMAN COHEN.
(_Issued by the Secular Society, Ltd._)
LONDON: THE PIONEER PRESS, 61 FARRINGDON STREET, E.C. 4.
1921.
_The Publishers wish to express their obligation to Mr. H. Cutner for the very tasteful design which adorns the cover of this book._
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER PAGE
I.--OUTGROWING THE GODS 9
II.--LIFE AND MIND 18
III.--WHAT IS FREETHOUGHT? 37
IV.--REBELLION AND REFORM 51
V.--THE STRUGGLE FOR THE CHILD 61
VI.--THE NATURE OF RELIGION 72
VII.--THE UTILITY OF RELIGION 88
VIII.--FREETHOUGHT AND GOD 101
IX.--FREETHOUGHT AND DEATH 111
X.--THIS WORLD AND THE NEXT 123
XI.--EVOLUTION 134
XII.--DARWINISM AND DESIGN 146
XIII.--ANCIENT AND MODERN 162
XIV.--MORALITY WITHOUT GOD.--I. 172
XV.--MORALITY WITHOUT GOD.--II. 182
XVI.--CHRISTIANITY AND MORALITY 193
XVII.--RELIGION AND PERSECUTION 204
XVIII.--WHAT IS TO FOLLOW RELIGION? 223
PREFACE.
It must be left for those who read the following pages to decide how far this book lives up to its title. That it leaves many aspects of life untouched is quite clear, but there must be a limit to everything, even to the size and scope of a book; moreover, the work does not aim at being an encyclopaedia, but only an outline of what may fairly be regarded as the Freethought position. Freethought, again, is too fluid a term to permit its teachings being summarized in a set creed, but it does stand for a certain definite attitude of mind in relation to those problems of life with which thoughtful men and women concern themselves. It is that mental attitude which I aim at depicting.
To those who are not directly concerned with the attack on supernaturalism it may also be a matter of regret that so much of this work is concerned with a criticism of religious beliefs. But that is an accident of the situation. We have not yet reached that stage in affairs when we can afford to let religion alone, and one may readily be excused the suspicion that those who, without believing in it, profess to do so, are more concerned with avoiding a difficult, if not dangerous, subject, than they are with the problem of developing sane and sound methods of thinking. And while some who stand forward as leaders of popular thought fail to do their part in the work of attacking supernaturalistic beliefs, others are perforce compelled to devote more time than they would otherwise to the task. That, in brief, is my apology for concerning myself so largely with religious topics, and leaving almost untouched other fields where the Freethought attitude would prove equally fruitful of results.
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: A Grammar of Freethought by Chapman Cohen
- 2: And the same may be said of Freethought
- 3: With such phenomena before them
- 4: The amount of unorganized superstition is still greater
- 5: Freethought holds the future in fee
- 6: And they are only transmissible by biologic heredity
- 7: So long as we confine ourselves to biologic evolution
- 8: The relation to a social medium
- 9: Are of a wholly psychological character
- 10: A conspiracy may overthrow a tyrant
- 11: It was a difference of intellectual outlook
- 12: But our attitude toward the causation and cure of crime
- 13: One of the impact of new ideas
- 14: The economic needs of human beings food
- 15: With the fact of sex and marriage
- 16: Every obstacle to complete freedom of speech
- 17: And far more demoralizing in its influence on character
- 18: Now Freethought has a precisely similar significance
- 19: The best thought of Rome owed its impetus to Greece
- 20: It had certainly less excuse for its intolerance
- 21: The impression that he is anti religious
- 22: There is no reform without rebellion
- 23: The thinker is really destructive
- 24: The thief threatens no institution
- 25: Feels bound to consider that starvation is starvation
- 26: You may destroy a church with cannon
- 27: The classic case of the Greek general Nikias
- 28: Or have not taken it seriously
- 29: And large numbers deliberately reject all religion
- 30: To mystify is not to enlighten
- 31: Equally with the Catholic priest
- 32: Illusion can beget nothing but illusion
- 33: They are like counterfeit coins
- 34: Granting the existence of an Unknowable
- 35: Orthodoxy is very accommodating nowadays
- 36: That may pass as a definition of Theism
- 37: As a craving for fulness of life
- 38: As the ghost is pictured as like the physical man
- 39: Each means by religion his own religion
- 40: The essential question here is
- 41: Together with the practice of human sacrifice
- 42: If they have a basis in utility
- 43: The main function of religion in sociology is conservative
- 44: Supernaturalist and non supernaturalist
- 45: We see the priesthood endowed with special privileges
- 46: Such as the belief in universal causation
- 47: We may relate function to structure or structure to function
- 48: With its persistent harking back to the primitive
- 49: But with us the premiss no longer exists
- 50: Freethinker and Christian read the record of both cases
- 51: It is the Freethinker who confounds the Christian
- 52: And many a modern Agnostic is doing so to day
- 53: Part of the jargon of priestcraft
- 54: Under the auspices of the Catholic Church
- 55: I believe that what the Freethinker is
- 56: Are an adequate reward for endeavour
- 57: It laboured also to produce the microbe which destroys him
- 58: Acquisition is determined by capacity
- 59: And made part of our racial possessions
- 60: We inherit the fruits of their labours
- 61: A certain school of Non Theists are
- 62: But now comes a certain kind of Non Theist
- 63: In the animal world it illustrates adaptation only
- 64: Therefore evolution involves a moral purpose
- 65: Sympathies are narrowed instead of widened
- 66: Held in the greatest popular esteem
- 67: As it was not possible to uphold the old teleology
- 68: The denial of the argument from design
- 69: Or make the existence of itself meaningless
- 70: And it is on his theory that animals actually are automata
- 71: Which is teleologically negative
- 72: Progress is a conception which we ourselves frame
- 73: There is adaptation in every case
- 74: When historians seek to explain the conduct of
- 75: Miracles are never established by evidence
- 76: Given a psychological medium which is
- 77: Suppose all this to be proven or granted
- 78: In any other sense nature is non moral
- 79: For broken is here only another word for inoperative
- 80: Brought into contact with other groups
- 81: There is nothing more than expansion and development
- 82: But this conflict is inevitable
- 83: Freethinker and religionist are in agreement here
- 84: All immoral conduct is fundamentally irrational
- 85: And it being clear that the position of Egoist and Altruist
- 86: Ethical growth is thus on all fours with biological growth
- 87: Entangled with conceptions of the supernatural
- 88: It applies with peculiar force to Christianity
- 89: And if one believed in Christianity
- 90: But the salvation of his own soul
- 91: Particularly Christian human nature
- 92: Nor more truthful than are non Christian people
- 93: Has nothing to do with so secular a thing as persecution
- 94: However intolerant the character
- 95: And for Jonah a primitive heretic
- 96: Intolerance and persecution assume the status of virtues
- 97: In every Protestant country laws against heresy were enacted
- 98: Can have no hold upon an Atheist
- 99: Given the primitive conception of religion
- 100: Is not alone the root of persecution
- 101: And particularly of Christian persecution
- 102: Books on the future of religion are numerous
- 103: A Freethought that is wholly destructive
- 104: Religion exerts no control for good
- 105: It is part of the Freethought case that this is so
- 106: The anger of God with an epidemic
- 107: But there is no value in self sacrifice
- 108: Iniquity and injustice Dr
- 109: For there is no real betterment without enlightenment
- 110: Registered Office 62 Farringdon Street
- 111: Some Alleged Consequences of Determinism
- 112: The life worship of richard jefferies
- 113: With Introduction by CHAPMAN COHEN
- 114: 190 Zeigler to Ziegler Professor Ziegler p
