History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empir
Yet he occurs only twice in the Pandects
[Footnote
[Footnote 43: There is more envy than reason in the complaint of Macrinus (Jul. Capitolin. c. 13:) Nefas esse leges videri Commodi et Caracalla at hominum imperitorum voluntates. Commodus was made a Divus by Severus, (Dodwell, Praelect. viii. p. 324, 325.) Yet he occurs only twice in the Pandects.]
[Footnote 44: Of Antoninus Caracalla alone 200 constitutions are extant in the Code, and with his father 160. These two princes are quoted fifty times in the Pandects, and eight in the Institutes, (Terasson, p. 265.)]
[Footnote 45: Plin. Secund. Epistol. x. 66. Sueton. in Domitian. c. 23.]
[Footnote 46: It was a maxim of Constantine, contra jus rescripta non valeant, (Cod. Theodos. l. i. tit. ii. leg. 1.) The emperors reluctantly allow some scrutiny into the law and the fact, some delay, petition, &c.; but these insufficient remedies are too much in the discretion and at the peril of the judge.]
[Footnote 47: A compound of vermilion and cinnabar, which marks the Imperial diplomas from Leo I. (A.D. 470) to the fall of the Greek empire, (Bibliotheque Raisonnee de la Diplomatique, tom. i. p. 504--515 Lami, de Eruditione Apostolorum, tom. ii. p. 720-726.)]
[Footnote 48: Schulting, Jurisprudentia Ante-Justinianea, p. 681-718. Cujacius assigned to Gregory the reigns from Hadrian to Gallienus. and the continuation to his fellow-laborer Hermogenes. This general division may be just, but they often trespassed on each other's ground]
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Chapter XLIV: Idea Of The Roman Jurisprudence.--Part III.
Among savage nations, the want of letters is imperfectly supplied by the use of visible signs, which awaken attention, and perpetuate the remembrance of any public or private transaction. The jurisprudence of the first Romans exhibited the scenes of a pantomime; the words were adapted to the gestures, and the slightest error or neglect in the forms of proceeding was sufficient to annul the substance of the fairest claim. The communion of the marriage-life was denoted by the necessary elements of fire and water; [49] and the divorced wife resigned the bunch of keys, by the delivery of which she had been invested with the government of the family. The manumission of a son, or a slave, was performed by turning him round with a gentle blow on the cheek; a work was prohibited by the casting of a stone; prescription was interrupted
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empir
- 2: Footnote 1 Jornandes de Rebus Geticis
- 3: And agitated by female passions and Verina
- 4: Was profusely lavished by Zeno on the king of the Ostrogoths
- 5: His artful rival harangued the camp of the Walamirs
- 6: Or the solicitations of Odoacer
- 7: Odoacer again appeared master of the field
- 8: And the royalty of Theodoric was proclaimed by the Goths
- 9: Which was discovered by Sirmond
- 10: Geschichte des Os Gothischen Reiches
- 11: Footnote 34 Even of his table Var
- 12: Sometimes written Heruli or Eruli
- 13: From Sirmium or Belgrade to the Atlantic Ocean
- 14: Footnote 47 See the royal orders and instructions
- 15: Who celebrate the friendship of Anastasius and Theodoric
- 16: And the Civil History of Giannone
- 17: As they were driven through the forum of peace
- 18: In the Chronicle and Epistles of Cassiodorus
- 19: Compare Hallam and D'Agincon vol
- 20: Et vinum xxx amphoras in solidum
- 21: Footnote 79 The tolerating system of his reign Ennodius
- 22: But the testimony of Ennodius p
- 23: Awakened the just resentment of Theodoric
- 24: Consult likewise Muratori Annali d' Italia
- 25: Footnote 92 Bibliothecae comptos ebore ac vitro parietes
- 26: Albinus is equally entitled to the protection of the laws
- 27: But the grief of Symmachus was indiscreet
- 28: That he beheld the angry countenance of Symmachus
- 29: And death of his grandson Eutharic
- 30: And almost English Justinian is a translation of uprauda
- 31: Since the eunuch Amantius had been defrauded of his money
- 32: Hear the furious acclamations of Constantinople and Tyre
- 33: In his preface to the new edition of Malala
- 34: Footnote 15 Agathias in Praefat
- 35: After following Comito on the stage
- 36: She condescended to accompany Ecebolus
- 37: The superstitious mother of Justinian
- 38: Justiniano et Theodorae conjugi ejus
- 39: From the moment of her union with Justinian
- 40: 13 understands of Theophanes as civil language
- 41: Their adversaries of the green faction
- 42: To the implacable passions of Theodora
- 43: The bishops of the second Syria Aleman
- 44: Which Theophanes has preserved
- 45: Hypatius was surrounded and seized by the people
- 46: The hippodrome itself was condemned
- 47: Chapter XL Reign Of Justinian
- 48: Were unknown to Theophrastus and Pliny
- 49: And obscure researches of the great Salmasius
- 50: May be found in the new edition of Malte Brun
- 51: A church was planted in Ceylon
- 52: Which answers to the position of Adulis
- 53: Who had mischievously assumed the form of Justinian
- 54: Unde tot exhaustus contraxit debita fiscus
- 55: Lydus gravely refers this calamitous
- 56: The poor were afflicted by the artificial scarcity
- 57: Which Procopius imputes to the reign of Justinian
- 58: Chapter XL Reign Of Justinian
- 59: Is confirmed by the testimony of Joannes Lydus
- 60: Footnote 932 According to Lydus
- 61: In a mathematical treatise of Anthemius
- 62: Which supposes some fraud in Justinian or his architect
- 63: Represents the form of the edifice
- 64: M Footnote 105 Paul Silentiarius
- 65: The supporters of the exterior portico
- 66: 111 From Belgrade to the Euxine
- 67: During the lifetime of Justinian
- 68: Footnote 112 Procopius affirms l
- 69: After the submission of the Isaurians
- 70: The hasty inroads of the Isaurians
- 71: That Edessa should never be taken
- 72: Footnote 132 Procopius Persic
- 73: Anastasius resolved to found a new colony
- 74: The chronology is ably ascertained by Asseman
- 75: The Derbend the Caspian Gates
- 76: Two thousand disciples heard the lessons of Theophrastus
- 77: Who derides the avarice of the sophists
- 78: Plutarch sive anonymus in Vit
- 79: The writings of Simplicius are now extant
- 80: Footnote 152 The life of Proclus
- 81: And this aera has been used by the Greeks
- 82: The eldest of the Vandal princes
- 83: Of Hilderic offended the prejudices of his countrymen
- 84: And gave audience to the emissaries of Justinian
- 85: Belisarius repaired to the important station of Dara
- 86: The birth of Antonina was ignoble
- 87: Since the medimnus weighed 160 Roman
- 88: 11 In the navigation from the Hellespont to Peloponnesus
- 89: At length the harbor of Caucana
- 90: And their immortal hatred to the Vandals
- 91: An order was despatched to his brother Ammatas
- 92: He heard the trumpet of Belisarius
- 93: But the active mind of Belisarius
- 94: He encamped in the fields of Bulla
- 95: Which Belisarius supported in the centre
- 96: Belisarius spoke the language of truth
- 97: Three hundred and ninety six for the praefect himself
- 98: He was immediately besieged by Pharas
- 99: The humanity of Pharas was moved
- 100: The glorious procession entered the gate of the hippodrome
- 101: Although Theodatus descended from a race of heroes
- 102: Who is followed by Muratori and the editors of Sigonius
- 103: When the aqueducts were intercepted
- 104: Overtook Theodatus on the Flaminian way
- 105: As soon as Belisarius had fortified his new conquests
- 106: Respected he impregnable rock of Narni
- 107: By the report that Belisarius was slain
- 108: Which Belisarius constructed or restored
- 109: Footnote 83 Praxiteles excelled in Fauns
- 110: Belisarius instantly sallied from the gates
- 111: Belisarius praised the spirit of his troops
- 112: He was deprived of the country on the right of the Tyber
- 113: Antonina served the passions of the empress
- 114: After the junction of five hundred soldiers of Campania
- 115: When he gave audience to the ambassadors of Vitiges
- 116: Sailed along the coast of the Hadriatic
- 117: The Goths abandoned the siege of Rimini
- 118: 97 But the arms of Belisarius
- 119: Though desolate provinces of Liguria and Aemilia
- 120: And blames at least the imprudence of Datius
- 121: And the fortifications of Ravenna
- 122: Footnote 105 In the siege of Auximum
- 123: Belisarius understood the suspicion
- 124: The mother of Antonina 112 was a theatrical prostitute
- 125: Was deeply remembered by Antonina
- 126: Antonina was sixty years of age
- 127: And the abbot Photius was employed
- 128: Had confined Antonina to her apartment
- 129: And Justinian trembled for the safety of Constantinople
- 130: The Gepidae are your brave and faithful allies
- 131: By his brother the king of the Heruli
- 132: Footnote 9 Two facts in the narrative of Paul Diaconus l
- 133: Supplied the rustic plenty of the Sclavonians
- 134: The Danubian Bulgaria was peopled by a Slavo Bulgarian race
- 135: And the light armed Sclavonians
- 136: In the laws and inscriptions of Justinian
- 137: The Turks were ignorant of astronomy
- 138: The basis of Mount Caf is an emerald
- 139: The Turkish Bertezena is called Thou men by Klaproth
- 140: Under the standard of the Avars
- 141: According to the geography of De Guignes
- 142: They found the great khan in his tent
- 143: Kindling a fire with branches of frankincense
- 144: Mirkhond translated by De Sacy
- 145: Nushirvan reigned forty seven years and six months
- 146: Footnote 4311 This is a strange term
- 147: That a disciple of Plato was seated on the Persian throne
- 148: Footnote 54 Agathias specifies the Gorgias
- 149: Under the name of Kalila and Dimnah
- 150: Footnote 57 The endless peace Procopius
- 151: Whatever might be the provocations of Chosroes
- 152: Which perpetuated the joint names of Chosroes and of Antioch
- 153: He detached Arethas and his Arabs
- 154: Is tediously spun through many a page of Procopius Persic
- 155: The Phasis divides the celebrated region of Colchos
- 156: In the present state of Mingrelia
- 157: The proper district of Mingrelia
- 158: And excused the revolt of Colchos
- 159: Colchos was insulted by the licentiousness
- 160: His Colchians imitated the submission of their prince
- 161: The Persian garrison was reduced to four hundred men
- 162: The fidelity of Gubazes sustained the most rigorous trials
- 163: Footnote 8611 According to Agathias
- 164: Were applied by one of the ministers of Justinian
- 165: The independence of the Homerites
- 166: Footnote 94 The negotiations of Justinian with the Axumites
- 167: Salt's Travels give a high notion of the ruins of Axum
- 168: Of the Vandals chosen by Belisarius
- 169: Encouraged the ambition of Gontharis
- 170: They were massacred at the table of Sergius
- 171: Footnote 411 Corripus Johannidos lib
- 172: The gates of Verona were secretly opened to Artabazus
- 173: Totila 10 was chaste and temperate
- 174: Belisarius is in the midst of Italy
- 175: Bessas 12 sold the permission of departure
- 176: But avarice rendered Bessas immovable
- 177: If Totila had not respected her birth
- 178: Where the nobles of Lucania had taken refuge
- 179: The parents of Joannina returned
- 180: They should instantly accept the tempting offers of Totila
- 181: But he cannot ascertain the situation of Dodona
- 182: 28 Footnote 2511 This is a singular mistake
- 183: Notwithstanding an ambiguous expression of Jornandes
- 184: Since he must not be confounded with the Persarmenian
- 185: 36 The haughty message of Narses was an offer
- 186: And Asbad struck his lance through the body of Totila
- 187: The inspiration of the Virgin revealed to Narses the day
- 188: And boldly effected their retreat to the walls of Pavia
- 189: 52 to quarrel about the origin of Cumae
- 190: Buccelin was actuated by ambition
- 191: The banners of Narses soon approached the Vulturnus
- 192: Footnote 50 See the death of Lothaire in Agathias l
- 193: Footnote 57 The Pragmatic Sanction of Justinian
- 194: Which should have defended the territory of Constantinople
- 195: Footnote 6011 Zabergan was king of the Cutrigours
- 196: And the last victory of Belisarius
- 197: Yet Tzetzes himself had read in other chronicles
- 198: And Justinian was neither beloved in his life
- 199: Footnote 71 The rubor of Domitian is stigmatized
- 200: 14 is applied by Theophanes p
- 201: The loss of Berytus 86 was of smaller account
- 202: Between Aradus and Botrys Polyb
- 203: 518 must be traced in Procopius
- 204: 93 Yet the fellow citizens of Procopius were satisfied
- 205: Geschichte des Romischen Rechts im Mittelalter
- 206: In their references to the Code
- 207: Secundum Ordinem Pandectarum Traject
- 208: Are ascribed to the untutored wisdom of Romulus
- 209: The savage dialect of the Eugubine tables has exercised
- 210: Footnote 1211 Compare Niebuhr
- 211: But the laws of Zaleucus and Charondas
- 212: Chapter XLIV Idea Of The Roman Jurisprudence
- 213: In hoc immenso aliarum super alias acervatarum legum cumulo
- 214: Or somewhat more than 300 pounds sterling
- 215: Who before that emperor were elected in the comitia
- 216: Note The author here follows the opinion of Heineccius
- 217: Who contested it in notes appended to the work of Heineccius
- 218: By the master hand of Heineccius
- 219: Were created by the fancy of Ulpian
- 220: For the first constitutio principis
- 221: Yet he occurs only twice in the Pandects
- 222: Jubet id lex furtum manifestum esse
- 223: Savigny has been translated into English by Mr
- 224: The learned and splendid age of jurisprudence
- 225: It was partly executed by Servius Sulpicius
- 226: Quod familiam ducit in jure civili
- 227: Quibus est permissum jura condere
- 228: Ateius Capito and Antistius Labeo
- 229: Footnote 70 See the Theodosian Code
- 230: Quae scriptura Pauli continentur
- 231: Nor can the merit of Tribonian atone for his baseness
- 232: He directed the faithful Tribonian
- 233: Antoninus Augustus de Nominibus Propriis Pandect
- 234: Itaque siquid erat in illis seditiosum
- 235: Or opposite laws of the Code and Pandects
- 236: Has inserted two dissertations on the republic of Amalphi
- 237: To maintain the text of the Pandects
- 238: To the gradual study of the Code and Pandects
- 239: Justinian respected the rights of patrons
- 240: Qui talem in liberos habeant potestatem qualem nos habemus
- 241: Such was the decision of Ulpian and Paul
- 242: The filial portion was excepted
- 243: Footnote 113 The opinion of the lawyers
- 244: Quae semel materfamilias quae saepius peperit
- 245: We are obliged to explore the fragments of Ulpian tit
- 246: Footnote 123 According to Plutarch
- 247: Footnote 127 Valerius Maximus
- 248: 1341 By this epithet of natural
- 249: The unfortunate son of Licinianus
- 250: Without a sense of their own injustice
- 251: The obscurity of his views with regard to the res mancipi
- 252: Which might be named imperfect proprietorship
- 253: De Rebus Mancipi et nec Mancipi Conjecturae
- 254: The various cognomens or surnames of Scipio
- 255: Is inserted or abridged in the Pandects
- 256: Before the payment of the legacies
- 257: And the invention of fidei commissa
- 258: Was the solemn interrogation of Seius
- 259: The practice of exorbitant usury was severely restrained
- 260: Travers Twiss's Epitome of Niebuhr
- 261: They were restored by the sentence of the praetor
- 262: The insolvent debtor was either put to death
- 263: Adrian apud Dositheum Magistrum
- 264: 184 Footnote 179 The first speech of Lysias Reiske
- 265: By the arbitrary and rigid administration of justice
- 266: The Collatio Legum Mosaicarum et Romanarum
- 267: Footnote 190 In cases of adultery
- 268: And Justinian defended the propriety of the execution
- 269: Or to extraordinary inquisitors
- 270: The praetor of the city was truly a judge
- 271: Suicides are enumerated by Virgil among the unfortunate
- 272: As it was abridged by Justinian
- 273: Advanced into the midst of the hippodrome
- 274: The conquerors of the Avars solicit our alliance
- 275: The rival prince of the Gepidae
- 276: The despair of Cunimund was active and dangerous
- 277: Accepted the invitation of Alboin
- 278: The virtues of Narses were stained with avarice
- 279: Footnote 16 The death of Narses is mentioned by Paul
- 280: He called for the skull of Cunimund
- 281: Peredeus requesting an interview
- 282: Tiberius received the diadem on his knees
- 283: Footnote 24 Dispositorque novus sacrae Baduarius aulae
- 284: With the odious name of Tiberius
- 285: The fifth and sixth books of Evagrius
- 286: And Autharis yielded to the fury of the torrent
- 287: And by the Roman colony of Amalphi
- 288: When Alboin descended from the Alps
- 289: 3 and 177 of the Laws of Rotharis
- 290: Chapter XLV State Of Italy Under The Lombards
- 291: Which had been founded or restored by Queen Theudelinda
- 292: The fortunate army of the Lombards
- 293: Footnote 55 See Leges Rotharis
- 294: The Palatine library was reduced to ashes
- 295: Gregory was sent to reside at the Byzantine court
- 296: Footnote 67 The Benedictines Vit
- 297: Than on that of Gregory the First
- 298: And the passions of the Lombards
- 299: Victories And Triumph Of Heraclius
- 300: Attacked their rear guard in the presence of Chosroes
- 301: The flames of war approached the residence of Nushirvan
- 302: Was crucified at Dovin in the presence of a vast multitude
- 303: And the childish vanity of Hormouz
- 304: While Hormouz disguised his terror by the name of suspicion
- 305: Footnote 1111 He is generally called Baharam Choubeen
- 306: The eldest of the sons of Hormouz
- 307: And the satraps who had deposed Hormouz
- 308: Exaggerated the ingratitude of Bahram
- 309: Bahram received the daughter of the Khakan in marriage
- 310: Which were deposited in the church of Sergiopolis
- 311: Footnote 22 The whole series of the tyranny of Hormouz
- 312: The chagan had never seen an elephant
- 313: The chagan delighted in the use of these aromatics
- 314: Which is commended by Theophylact
- 315: Who fled with equal disgrace from the Barbarians
- 316: Than to those of Justinian and Maurice
- 317: So obscure had been the former condition of Phocas
- 318: To adore the majesty of Phocas the centurion
- 319: Footnote 43 In their clamors against Maurice
- 320: Of Phocas had spared these unhappy females
- 321: But Crispus might reasonably doubt
- 322: Footnote 53 According to Theophanes
- 323: Those of Theophanes Chronograph
- 324: And if Chosroes had possessed any maritime power
- 325: Had contributed to the success of Chosroes
- 326: And reject the supplications of Chosroes
- 327: While the chagan observed with a cruel smile
- 328: Heraclius subscribed these ignominious terms
- 329: Was imperfectly supplied by the new levies of Heraclius
- 330: The natural fortifications of Cilicia protected
- 331: Heraclius boldly ascended the heights of Mount Taurus
- 332: Footnote 82 George of Pisidia
- 333: Between the Cyrus and the Araxes
- 334: And Casbin is most probably the city of Sapor
- 335: Advanced under the standard of the chagan
- 336: The vassals of the chagan threatened to desert
- 337: Eudocia was afterwards sent to her Turkish husband
- 338: Adorned the triumph of Heraclius
- 339: Footnote 101 Ctesias apud Didor
- 340: But the will of Chosroes was no longer revered
- 341: Footnote 1041 The Schirin of Persian poetry
- 342: See his triumph in Theophanes p
- 343: Or this passage does not belong to the emperor Heraclius
- 344: Digested and illustrated by Petavius and Le Clerc
- 345: From the vulgar expectation of a mere temporal king
- 346: Matthew did not exist in the Ebionite copies
- 347: And a modern Rabbi is modestly assured
- 348: Are levelled against the growing error of the Docetes
- 349: Ab universo propemodum genere monachorum
- 350: Was contrived by Cerinthus of Asia
- 351: The heresy of Apollinaris was condemned
- 352: Footnote 18 For Apollinaris and his sect
- 353: Cyril was seated on the throne of Athanasius
- 354: And Ammonius expired under the rod of the lictor
- 355: The daughter of Theon the mathematician
- 356: With the illustrations of Baronius
- 357: Condemned the sentiments and person of Nestorius
- 358: Which La Croze Christianisme des Indes
- 359: Nestorius appeared not as a criminal
- 360: And the faithful collections of Tillemont
- 361: And Cyril softened his anathemas
- 362: The rash and obstinate Nestorius
- 363: Denied by Evagrius and Asseman
- 364: Served under the orders of Dioscorus
- 365: Footnote 60 At the request of Dioscorus
- 366: Were exasperated against the murderer of Flavian
- 367: Are sullied with the false and prescribed reading of Concil
- 368: After the disgrace and exile of Dioscorus
- 369: The Henoticon was most pleasing to the Egyptians
- 370: The Trisagion 76 thrice holy
- 371: Rehearsed their genuine Trisagion
- 372: Was content to vanquish at the head of a synod
- 373: Were supplied by the pious munificence of Justinian
- 374: And Aleman's Notes with Theophanes
- 375: A treacherous blow was aimed at the council of Chalcedon
- 376: And the original evidence of the laws of Justinian
- 377: And it is the duty of Asseman Bibliot
- 378: They declared themselves Monothelites
- 379: And the impious ecthesis of his grandfather
- 380: When the Monothelite monk failed in his miracle
- 381: Pope Leo and the council of Chalcedon
- 382: He possessed the Syriac literature
- 383: And the rigid unity of the Monophysites
- 384: According to the report of a Nestorian traveller
- 385: Footnote 116 See the Topographia Christiana of Cosmas
- 386: Schmidt Geschichte der Ost Mongolen
- 387: The memory of Theodore and Nestorius was condemned
- 388: Histoire du Christianisme des Indes
- 389: And a Jew was the father of Abulpharagius
- 390: Footnote 127 Assemanni Bibliot
- 391: Was rejected as a Maronite from the walls of Emesa
- 392: Rebellavit is explained by La Roque
- 393: The caravan usually halts in the neighborhood of Erivan
- 394: And the arms of the eunuch Narses
- 395: But no sooner had Apollinaris begun to read the tome of St
- 396: Rejected the decrees of the synod of Chalcedon
- 397: Copts of Gemelli Carreri Cyril Lucar
- 398: The Aethiopians slept near a thousand years
- 399: And the rebel army was sanctified by the abuna
- 400: Segued listened to the voice of pity
- 401: See the Theologia Aethiopica of Gregory
- 402: That on the first day of his servitude
- 403: After this foundation of Byzantine history
- 404: By his second marriage with his niece Martina
- 405: Martina descended from the throne with indignation
- 406: Constans embarked for Greece and
- 407: By the familiar surname of Pogonatus
- 408: The life of Justinian was spared
- 409: And purchased the aid of Terbelis
- 410: And Justinian applauded the obedience of the Euxine
- 411: Anastasius resigned the sceptre
- 412: 1115 Footnote 1115 During the latter part of his reign
- 413: In his religion the Iconoclast was a Heretic
- 414: Were the five sons of Copronymus by a second marriage
- 415: Irene most ably and assiduously discharged
- 416: Nicephorus was vanquished by the Saracens
- 417: To degrade the husband of Procopia
- 418: Michael informed the conspirators
- 419: Drew from her monastery Euphrosyne
- 420: And was promoted to the command of thirty thousand Persians
- 421: Among the successors of Nero and Elagabalus
- 422: Footnote 1012 In a campaign against the Saracens
- 423: By his personal merit the birth and dignity of Theophilus
- 424: But on the more careful scrutiny of Basil himself
- 425: Both Leo and Alexander were alike invested with the purple
- 426: Leo himself had abolished the state of concubines
- 427: And the sons of Lecapenus were taught
- 428: Footnote 1013 Three years and five months
- 429: Theophano looked around for a protector
- 430: Could protect Nicephorus from a domestic foe
- 431: And the premature death of Zimisces was a loss
- 432: The sceptre devolved to Romanus the Third
- 433: Of Constantinople deplored the exile of Zoe
- 434: Isaac Comnenus was solemnly crowned
- 435: And her heart had already chosen Romanus Diogenes
- 436: The name of Bryennius was illustrious
- 437: Said Alexius with a noble frankness
- 438: They returned to Constantinople
- 439: Anna is a faithful witness that his happiness was destroyed
- 440: After this example of clemency
- 441: Accompanied only by his brother and the faithful Axuch
- 442: The son of Maria was named Alexius
- 443: Eudocia still attended his motions at midnight
- 444: When he was intercepted by a party of Walachians
- 445: The excursions of the Comnenian prince had a wider range
- 446: In his march from Oenoe to Constantinople
- 447: That Alexius might be considered as dead
- 448: Escaped from the monster's den Nice and Prusa
- 449: Andronicus was hung by the feet
- 450: But in the intervals of the Byzantine dynasties