A HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES
[Illustration: _Russell & Sons photo_
CECIL CHESTERTON]
A HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES
BY
CECIL CHESTERTON
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY
G. K. CHESTERTON
LONDON
CHATTO & WINDUS
1919
_First published January 16, 1919_
_Second impression January 17, 1919_
_All rights reserved_
DEDICATED TO
MY COMRADE AND HOSPITAL MATE,
LANCE-CORPORAL WOOD,
OF THE KING'S OWN LIVERPOOLS,
CITIZEN OF MASSACHUSETTS,
WHO JOINED THE BRITISH ARMY IN
AUGUST, 1914.
" ... O more than my brother, how shall I thank thee for all? Each of the heroes around us has fought for his house and his line, But thou hast fought for a stranger in hate of a wrong not thine. Happy are all free peoples too strong to be dispossessed, But happiest those among nations that dare to be strong for the rest."
--ELIZABETH BARRETT BROWNING.
INTRODUCTION
The author of this book, my brother, died in a French military hospital of the effects of exposure in the last fierce fighting that broke the Prussian power over Christendom; fighting for which he had volunteered after being invalided home. Any notes I can jot down about him must necessarily seem jerky and incongruous; for in such a relation memory is a medley of generalisation and detail, not to be uttered in words. One thing at least may fitly be said here. Before he died he did at least two things that he desired. One may seem much greater than the other; but he would not have shrunk from naming them together. He saw the end of an empire that was the nightmare of the nations; but I believe it pleased him almost as much that he had been able, often in the intervals of bitter warfare and by the aid of a brilliant memory, to put together these pages on the history, so necessary and so strangely neglected, of the great democracy which he never patronised, which he not only loved but honoured.
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: A History of the United States by Cecil Chesterton
- 2: But apparently never tempted to be a snob
- 3: Amid loud Fabian cheers for the progress of Socialism
- 4: Belloc founded the Eye Witness
- 5: To produce this short sketch of the story of a great people
- 6: And I am further of opinion that
- 7: Such adventures as that of Columbus
- 8: A colour which seems partly Elizabethan
- 9: And their enemies in those internecine quarrels
- 10: Lay the Dutch settlement of New Amsterdam
- 11: Florida was still a Spanish possession
- 12: No considerable export commerce
- 13: In the Northern colonies that is
- 14: Its field of taxation would be somewhat narrow
- 15: Drawn from the same oligarchical class
- 16: In May the second Continental Congress met
- 17: And a crack shot even among Virginians
- 18: Jefferson was chosen a member of the committee
- 19: It is useless to answer that it is in the wisest and best
- 20: But the State of Massachusetts remained in American hands
- 21: As a military commander Washington ranks high
- 22: Burgoyne had the aid of several tribes of Indian auxiliaries
- 23: Its principal member was Benjamin Franklin
- 24: At the Battle of the Cowpens Tarleton having
- 25: Arnold was given a command in the South
- 26: But from the great dogmas promulgated by Jefferson
- 27: Murder as a conscientious Thug
- 28: Like nearly all the eighteenth century Deists
- 29: Who felt the reproach of Slavery keenly
- 30: A soldier and the most ardent of the Federalists
- 31: This part of their work endures
- 32: Result was not designed or foreseen
- 33: But there was another threatened conflict
- 34: Several States refused to ratify
- 35: Hamilton had fought bravely in the Revolutionary War
- 36: Whatever his theoretic preferences
- 37: A perennial and corrupt support
- 38: The Federalists had won the first round
- 39: Though their Government remained neutral
- 40: It may be that the Whiskey Insurrection
- 41: Adams avoided war and thereby split his party
- 42: The Federalist party virtually died of the blow
- 43: Jefferson was elected President and Burr Vice President
- 44: The colony of Louisiana at the mouth of the Mississippi
- 45: But the Federalists forgot everything
- 46: The Westerner was born a fighter
- 47: But knew him for a better man than Burr
- 48: He wrote peremptorily to Burr for an explanation
- 49: That successor was James Madison
- 50: He was as much the perfect parliamentarian as Gladstone
- 51: Troubles came thicker and thicker upon her
- 52: Secession was not directly advocated at Hartford
- 53: In 1816 Madison was succeeded by Monroe
- 54: Missouri was to enter the Union
- 55: Who was in command against the Seminoles
- 56: The Virginian dynasty had failed
- 57: Jackson was a frontiersman and a soldier
- 58: Jackson accepted the nomination for the Presidency
- 59: But he was above all things a Parliamentarian
- 60: Eaton without prejudice or hindrance
- 61: Calhoun was not the originator of Nullification
- 62: This compromise the Nullifiers
- 63: Jackson did not like the Clay Calhoun compromise
- 64: It was immediately vetoed by the President
- 65: And Jackson now nominated Taney
- 66: Most of them were in the event transplanted
- 67: In the Monarchy an aristocratic Parliamentarism won
- 68: Antagonism to Jackson was the real cement of the coalition
- 69: They invented for him the nickname of Old Tippercanoe
- 70: And Tyler confirmed his appointment
- 71: The French colonists of Louisiana had been
- 72: Was then known generally as Oregon
- 73: At once increasingly rigid and increasingly unreal
- 74: It is seldom that historical parallels are useful
- 75: California passed into American hands
- 76: But Taylor was the popular favourite
- 77: He died and bequeathed his power to Millard Filmore
- 78: Calhoun rejected the settlement
- 79: Even while compromising with Slavery
- 80: Nevertheless they did not uproot it
- 81: Garrison's movement killed Southern Abolitionism
- 82: Belloc has called the Servile State
- 83: The Abolitionists were disliked in the North
- 84: And the Federalist Party disappeared
- 85: His instinctive sense of leadership
- 86: Kansas and Nebraska were then the outposts of such expansion
- 87: Up to the passing of Kansas and Nebraska Law
- 88: If not the aggressors in the Civil War
- 89: This decision was the judgment of Roger Taney
- 90: One might really say singularly mathematical
- 91: Yet Lincoln accepted the Fugitive Slave Law
- 92: Nor did he underrate his Republican opponent
- 93: Seward was the most prominent Republican politician
- 94: The South was almost solid for Breckinridge
- 95: The chief port of South Carolina
- 96: Have checked the Secessionist movement
- 97: Though South Carolina had no constitutional right to secede
- 98: The Northern States waged no war to extinguish Slavery
- 99: Secession was an alternative method
- 100: Though both candidate and programme were in fact moderate
- 101: For Secessionists as well as for Union men
- 102: The union of these States is perpetual
- 103: In Texas the general feeling was on the whole Secessionist
- 104: Could get no more from Charleston
- 105: Began the bombardment of Sumter
- 106: This attitude explains the second Secession
- 107: Washington lay between Maryland and Virginia
- 108: But the neutrality of Kentucky forbade them
- 109: Broke contact and got away from Patterson
- 110: Look at Jackson and his Virginians
- 111: Mason and Slidell were returned
- 112: Meanwhile all eyes were fixed on McClellan
- 113: Leaving McDowell on the Potomac
- 114: Was not convincing to Marylanders
- 115: Antietam was not really a Union victory
- 116: For the service of the Confederacy
- 117: Won at a heavy cost to the Confederacy
- 118: With their own Vallandinghams they had an even shorter way
- 119: And crossing a strip of Maryland he invaded Pennsylvania
- 120: From Chattanooga Sherman moved on Atlanta
- 121: Fremont was withdrawn and McClellan easily defeated
- 122: Who was again watching and checking Sherman
- 123: To ratify the Thirteenth Amendment
- 124: Whose spokesman was Senator Sumner of Massachusetts
- 125: Certain it is that Johnstone did not surrender that day
- 126: Whatever else Andrew Johnson knows
- 127: Even after the murder of Lincoln
- 128: The other fear was even more groundless
- 129: Leaving Maximilian to his fate
- 130: Charles Sumner of Massachusetts
- 131: The President had been using his veto freely
- 132: The Republican caucus met to consider amendments
- 133: Of what citizenship implied they had
- 134: Amid peals of hearty African laughter
- 135: The professional politicians of the North
- 136: Romped freely with the little negroes
- 137: In which the rising Republican Congressional leader
- 138: The Erie scandal met Blaine on every side
- 139: Is cosmopolitan revolutionary idealism
- 140: And though the Philippines were retained
- 141: The Republican Bosses were angry and dismayed
- 142: With teetotalism and similar fads
- 143: According to the creed of Thomas Jefferson
- 144: Fills offices with Federalists
- 145: Urges reinforcement of Fort Sumter
- 146: Democratic candidate for Presidency
- 147: Recommends amendments to the Constitution protecting slavery
- 148: Supports Crittenden Compromise
- 149: 101 Forty Seven Forty or Fight
- 150: Founder of Northern Abolitionism
- 151: Prohibits Continental Congresses
- 152: Places embargo on American trade
- 153: Rejected and defeated by Douglas
- 154: Refuses to supersede McClellan
- 155: Violated by Kansas Nebraska Bill
- 156: 224North Carolina rejects Secession
- 157: 117 Palmetto Flag of South Carolina
- 158: Contemplated at Hartford Convention
- 159: Receives surrender of Johnstone
- 160: Mover in Impeachment of Johnson
- 161: Whig candidate for Vice Presidency
- 162: Suppresses Whisky Insurrection
- 163: His policy regarding European War
- 164: Stories of the Italian Artists from Vasari
- 165: Selected from PERCY'S 'Reliques
- 166: The Book of the Bayeux Tapestry
- 167: With 6 Illustrations by HARRY FURNISS
- 168: By ROBERT BUCHANAN and HENRY MURRAY
- 169: By ESTELLA CANZIANI and ELEANOUR ROHDE
- 170: See also NEW MEDIEVAL LIBRARY
- 171: The Pocket Charles Dickens Passages chosen by ALFRED H
- 172: Translated by ETHEL COLBURN MAYNE
- 173: With numerous Illusts
- 174: By CONSTANCE SMEDLEY ARMFIELD and MAXWELL ARMFIELD
- 175: The FIRST SERIES contains The Sorcerer H
- 176: With numerous Illusts
- 177: Bret Harte's Choice Works in Prose and Verse
- 178: With Frontispiece and 44 Plates
- 179: Topographical Anthologies compiled by
- 180: Can be supplied for School use in wrappers at 1s
- 181: With Introduction by Prof
- 182: Translated by ALICE KEMP WELCH
- 183: Letters from JUSTIN MCCARTHY to Mrs
- 184: Parables ballads scotch songs
- 185: London Pictured by YOSHIO MARKINO 16 Coloured Plates
- 186: Woodcut Title and 6 Photogravures
- 187: MOZART'S OPERAS a Critical Study
- 188: See also under Markino Yoshio
- 189: Translated from the Latin by W
- 190: With a Preface by Sir WALTER BESANT
- 191: With 50 Illustrations by TOM BROWNE
- 192: The Fourth Series with a Portrait
- 193: Historical and Legendary Ballads
- 194: The Sources and Analogues of 'A Midsummer Night's Dream
- 195: The Dagonet Reciter and Reader
- 196: With 8 Illustrations by MAXWELL ARMFIELD
- 197: Illustrated in Colour by NOEL ROOKE
- 198: Swinburne's Collected Tragedies
- 199: English Eccentrics and Eccentricities
- 200: Warrant to Execute Mary Queen of Scots
- 201: And Superstitions of Ireland
- 202: Also a Special Edition de Luxe
