KHARTOUM CAMPAIGN
1898
OR THE
RE-CONQUEST OF THE SOUDAN
BY
BENNET BURLEIGH.
AUTHOR OF "SIRDAR AND KHALIFA."
WITH MAPS, PLANS OF BATTLE, AND NUMEROUS ILLUSTRATIONS
SECOND IMPRESSION.
LONDON: CHAPMAN & HALL, LIMITED 1899
PREFACE.
By the overthrow of Mahdism, the great region of Central Africa has been opened to civilisation. From the date of the splendid victory of Omdurman, 2nd September 1898, may be reckoned the creation of a vast Soudan empire. At so early a stage, it is idle to speculate whether the country will be held as a British possession, or as a province of Egypt. "The land of the blacks," and their truculent Arab despoilers, has the intrinsic qualities that secure distinction. Given peace, it may be expected that the mixed negroid races of the Upper Nile will prove themselves as orderly and industrious as they are conspicuously brave. Whoever rules them wisely, will have the control of the best native tribes of the Dark Continent, the raw material of a mighty state. This, too, is foreshadowed; the dominant power in Central Northern Africa, if no farther afield, will have its capital in Khartoum, "Ethiopia will soon stretch out her hands unto God."
The recent events which have so altered the condition of affairs upon the Upper Nile, deserve more than ephemeral record. A campaign so full of inspiriting incident, a victory which has brought presage of a great and prosperous Soudan, merits re-telling. Through half a score of battles or more, from the beginning to the death of Mahdism, I have followed British and Egyptian troops into action against the dervishes. I knew General Hicks, and had the luck to miss accompanying his ill-fated expedition. In the present volume, "Khartoum Campaign," the narrative of the reconquest is completed, the history being carried to the occupation of Fashoda and Sobat, including the withdrawal of Major Marchand's French mission. I have made use of my telegrams and letters to the _Daily Telegraph_, London, and the full notes I made from day to day during the campaign. Besides, I have quoted in certain cases from official sources, and given extracts from verbal and written communications made to me by distinguished officers engaged in the operations.
For use of maps, sketches, and photographs, I am indebted to the proprietors of the _Daily Telegraph_, to Mr Ross of _Black and White_, Surgeon-General William Taylor, Colonel Frank Rhodes, Lieutenant E. D. Loch, Grenadier Guards, Mr Francis Gregson, Mr Munro of Dingwall, N.B., and others.
BENNET BURLEIGH.
LONDON, _December 1898_.
CONTENTS.
PAGE
CHAPTER I.
INTRODUCTORY--REVIEW OF THE FIELD, 1
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: Khartoum Campaign, 1898 by Bennet Burleigh
- 2: 53 Troops going to Wad Habeshi
- 3: 196 Effect of Shell Fire upon Wall Mulazim Enclosure
- 4: As Sirdar or Commander in Chief of the Khedivial troops
- 5: The fellaheen and the blacks could defeat the dervishes
- 6: During the earlier days of Mahdism
- 7: And Dakhala at the mouth of the Atbara
- 8: Arab clansmen and blacks repented and deserted Mahdism
- 9: 12 miles or more north of Dakhala
- 10: To reduce the numbers quartered at Darmali
- 11: Engineering and other workshops had been erected at Abadia
- 12: It appeared that the hyenas and wolves
- 13: Which Major General Gatacre was to command
- 14: Would possibly suffer from the defenders of the zereba
- 15: To the eastward of Abbassieh barracks
- 16: Had been evacuated by the dervishes
- 17: Besides the four brigades of Khedivial infantry
- 18: Among these were the Royal Irish Fusiliers
- 19: But your proper Hadendowa is not a Baggara
- 20: By the way from cairo to dakhala
- 21: The construction of the Halfa Atbara line was
- 22: The Noozle is the commissariat depot
- 23: Hamla Ombashi is a corporal of the transport service
- 24: Or water gateway and rapids of Shabluka
- 25: Illustration TROOPS GOING TO WAD HABESHI
- 26: The Sirdar and Generals Rundle and Gatacre
- 27: The press censor was Colonel Wingate
- 28: Was north of that place and close to Wad Habeshi
- 29: Lyttelton's Second British Brigade reached Dakhala
- 30: A half battalion of the Grenadier Guards
- 31: Marching in the soudan from dakhala to wad habeshi
- 32: The guns of the 32nd and 37th field batteries
- 33: The Lancers trotted a few miles ahead
- 34: They are called jebels hills
- 35: From Kitaib we marched about eighteen miles to Maguia
- 36: Stewart's magnificent ride from Korti to Metemmeh
- 37: And the next day's about nineteen to Wad Habeshi
- 38: But relatively few in the Khedivial
- 39: As well as two giassas or nuggars
- 40: Making a detour to avoid the rough hills of Shabluka
- 41: Also left for El Hejir via Bishari
- 42: El hejir to um terif incidents and accidents
- 43: At El Hejir the press correspondents
- 44: The Tahara with an extra head of steam
- 45: The desertion of El Hejir proceeded apace
- 46: Um Terif camp was not a pleasant location
- 47: It was at Um Terif that the army
- 48: Advance to kerreri skirmishing with the enemy
- 49: That the English soldiers would one day fight at Kerreri
- 50: Why it was called Sururab I know not
- 51: Might have advanced from Kerreri or Omdurman
- 52: And ornamented with brazen finials
- 53: Lyddite shells having found the range
- 54: Surgham Hill was occupied by a few of the dervishes
- 55: Two Maxim Nordenfeldt mountain batteries
- 56: Khedivial troops Infantry division
- 57: Somewhat removed from the zereba and trenches
- 58: Kerreri hills were low and black
- 59: Met with small patrols of the enemy near Jebel Surgham
- 60: I joined the Lancers on Surgham
- 61: Illustration BATTLE OF OMDURMAN ZEREBA ACTION
- 62: Away off upon and under Um Mutragan
- 63: Smiting the dervishes as with Heaven's thunderbolts
- 64: Down the slopes they ran towards the zereba
- 65: And the dervish left wing edged off to Um Mutragan
- 66: The Khalifa and Yacoub determined upon a second attack
- 67: Which had advanced on the right to Um Mutragan hills
- 68: Khalifa Khalil and Ali Wad Helu
- 69: Keeping on until about half a mile or more south of Surgham
- 70: Grenfell and fifteen men had been left dead in the khor
- 71: Swarbrick had brought back the horse
- 72: They were making to pass Surgham
- 73: The famous fighting 11th Soudanese
- 74: The Sirdar wheeled his brigades to the left
- 75: Came out and saw Slatin Pasha and the Sirdar
- 76: Stories of the battle omdurman
- 77: Stationed in the zereba south east corner
- 78: Who incontinently bolted back to the zereba
- 79: One hundred black flag Taaisha
- 80: Colonel Macdonald fought his brigade for all it was worth
- 81: Amongst the dead Emirs identified were Osman Azrak
- 82: Vile beyond description was Omdurman
- 83: The Sirdar and staff fell back
- 84: The Sirdar and staff reined up before Abdullah's doorway
- 85: Neufeld was set upon an officer's horse
- 86: Mahdism became a thing of the past
- 87: For there were those who died in Omdurman
- 88: Or else mayhap the Lyddite bombs
- 89: Breaking the brass and iron grille round the catafalque
- 90: The designer was one El Osta Abdullah
- 91: These wretched Hadendowas were
- 92: Next morning we were ordered back into Omdurman
- 93: Lieutenant Seymour of the Grenadier Guards to the Melik
- 94: And Fatah proceeded up the White Nile
- 95: The Sirdar sent a peremptory order
- 96: Which commenced upon a signal from the Sirdar
- 97: We were all back again in Omdurman
- 98: The Safieh remained up the Nile
- 99: The Mayflower was able to convey
- 100: A Gordon Memorial College in Khartoum
- 101: Is inscribed upon the walls of the Mosque at Mecca
- 102: And the Lord Provost of Glasgow
- 103: Was menacing the dervish outpost of Gedarif
- 104: Resulting in the capture of Omdurman
- 105: And 11th Soudanese Battalions
- 106: And their outposts being driven in beyond Egeiga
- 107: Taking up positions on the slopes of Jebel Surgham
- 108: In the direction of Omdurman
- 109: Commanding the Egyptian Cavalry
- 110: And ability of Commander Keppel and his officers
- 111: The Sirdar regrets the loss that has occurred
- 112: That Colonel Macdonald saved the situation
- 113: Which had been sent out from Karatiga
- 114: And but the other day at Fashoda
- 115: Which is believed to commence about Rosaires
- 116: Starting in the steamers Safieh and Tewfikieh
- 117: The dervish steamer Safieh was sighted
- 118: A Senegalese sentry was walking beneath the tricolor
- 119: Accompanied by Colonel Wingate and Commander Keppel
- 120: That the flotilla reached Sobat
- 121: Afford assistance to the posts at Sobat and Fashoda
- 122: At that period French Minister of Foreign Affairs
- 123: Hanotaux refers is published at length in an appendix
- 124: Liotard was sent to the Upper Ubanghi as Commissioner
- 125: The day the expedition returned from Fashoda to Omdurman
- 126: I left at Fashoda a garrison of one Soudanese battalion
- 127: Marchand has been transmitted to Khartoum
- 128: For which Baratier himself started next day
- 129: The official abandonment of Fashoda
- 130: The third largest town in the Delta
- 131: Ever since the days of Tel el Kebir
- 132: Nor that the Sirdar ever issued such an order
- 133: But in the main it is the story of the Atbara Campaign
