[Transcriber's Notes:

Inconsistent spellings and hyphenations such as "re-election" and "reelection" have been conformed, and obvious typographical errors have been corrected.

The original contains an index in Volume II covering Volumes I and II. Volume III, which was published later, contains an index covering all three volumes. Therefore, the Volume II index has been omitted.

The original of Volume III refers to both "Appleton's _Encyclopedia_" and "Appleton's _Cyclopaedia_." The correct title, as used in Volumes I and II, is "Appleton's _Cyclopaedia_" and has been corrected in Volume III.]

A POLITICAL HISTORY

OF THE

STATE OF NEW YORK

BY

DeALVA STANWOOD ALEXANDER, A.M.

_Member of Congress, Formerly United States Attorney for the Northern District of New York_

VOL. I

1774-1832

[Illustration]

NEW YORK HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY 1906

Copyright, 1906 By HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY

PREFACE

The preparation of this work was suggested to the author by the difficulty he experienced in obtaining an accurate knowledge of the movements of political parties and their leaders in the Empire State. "After living a dozen years in New York," wrote Oliver Wolcott, who had been one of Washington's Cabinet, and was afterwards governor of Connecticut, "I don't pretend to comprehend their politics. It is a labyrinth of wheels within wheels, and it is understood only by the managers." Wolcott referred to the early decades of the last century, when Clintonian and Bucktail, gradually absorbing the Federalists, severed the old Republican party into warring factions. In later years, Daniel S. Dickinson spoke of "the tangled web of New York politics"; and Horace Greeley complained of "the zigzag, wavering lines and uncouth political designations which puzzled and wearied readers" from 1840 to 1860, when Democrats divided into Conservatives and Radicals, Hunkers and Barnburners, and Hards and Softs; and when Whigs were known as Conscience and Cotton, and Woollies and Silver Grays. More recently James Parton, in his _Life of Andrew Jackson_, speaks of "that most unfathomable of subjects, the politics of the State of New York."

There is no attempt in this history to catalogue the prominent public men of New York State. Such a list would itself fill a volume. It has only been possible, in the limited space given to over a century, to linger here and there in the company of the famous figures who rose conspicuously above their fellow men and asserted themselves masterfully in influencing public thought and action. Indeed, the history of a State or nation is largely the history of a few leading men, and it is of such men only, with some of their more prominent contemporaries, that the author has attempted to write.

It would be hard to find in any Commonwealth of the Union a more interesting or picturesque leadership than is presented in the political history of the Empire State. Rarely more than two controlling spirits appear at a time, and as these pass into apogee younger men of approved capacity are ready to take their places. None had a meteoric rise, but in his day each became an absolute party boss; for the Constitution of 1777, by creating the Council of Appointment, opened wide the door to bossism. The abolition of the Council in 1821 doubtless made individual control more difficult, but the system left its methods so deeply impressed upon party management that what before was done under the sanction of law, ever after continued under the cover of custom.

Table of contents (by pages)

• 1: A Political History of the State of New York, Volu
• 2: The great genius of DeWitt Clinton
• 3: The clintons against the livingstons
• 4: At seventeen he became a sophomore at King's College
• 5: Among those associated with them were James Clinton
• 6: Jay was then thirty one years old
• 7: Possessing a freehold of the value of twenty pounds
• 8: Jay saw objections to both methods
• 9: Known as the Court of Errors and Impeachment
• 10: Jay was not without supporters
• 11: John Jay and George Clinton were the favourites
• 12: Schuyler was known as Great Eye
• 13: And Jay carefully scanned them as they came in
• 14: And more aristocratic and less aristocratic patriots
• 15: Under the leadership of George Clinton
• 16: Governor Clinton advocated disfranchisement and banishment
• 17: Governor Clinton sent a cordial response
• 18: Clinton's first choice for a delegate was Yates
• 19: Hamilton gave it earnest support
• 20: Footnote 40 Works of Hamilton
• 21: Melancthon Smith was the ablest opponent of the Constitution
• 22: It remained for DeWitt Clinton
• 23: An anti Federalist judge of the Supreme Court
• 24: And at the Poughkeepsie convention
• 25: He made Duer assistant secretary
• 26: Thus the contest between Yates and Clinton
• 27: Shortly after Burr moved into Maiden Lane
• 28: Parton said the Clintons had power
• 29: And to the disappointment of Schuyler
• 30: It was better reasoning in 1792
• 31: Jay luxuriated in splendid courts
• 32: McComb was a friend of Clinton
• 33: Inspectors of election sealed the ballots
• 34: Since an opinion might jeopardise his political interests
• 35: 66 Citizens of New York met him eight miles from the city
• 36: Clinton argued that the governor
• 37: Hamilton's coalition candidate in 1789
• 38: One effigy represented Jay as saying
• 39: The court of Hobart was closed
• 40: He had a natural gift for chancery
• 41: North attracted the attention of Steuben
• 42: Morris was more conservative than Jay or Hamilton
• 43: Mitchill became a member of the Assembly in 1798
• 44: At which Brockholst became proudly eloquent
• 45: Perhaps Livingston thought it had already turned
• 46: Stephen Van Rensselaer was a Federalist of the old school
• 47: And the Sedition Act of July 14
• 48: Several amendments to the Federal Constitution
• 49: It bitterly stung the Federalists
• 50: Which Jedediah Peck circulated for signatures
• 51: On several occasions Burr and Hamilton met
• 52: 91 Footnote 91 Hamilton's Works Lodge
• 53: Pickering and McHenry were Hamilton's best supporters
• 54: Struggling to gain votes for Pinckney
• 55: The great mass of Federalists believed
• 56: If the Federalists substitute Burr
• 57: Joseph Allston of South Carolina
• 58: The Vermont Federalist withdrew
• 59: The second president of Princeton College
• 60: DeWitt Clinton was a born politician
• 61: Then Clinton made a nomination
• 62: John Jay was in legislative halls
• 63: Franklin wrote to Adams and Laurens on April 20
• 64: Reconvened under the summons of Governor Clinton
• 65: It took sheriffs and surrogates
• 66: 123 Footnote 123 Letters of Aristides
• 67: Among them John Swartout for marshal
• 68: Still Cheetham kept his battery at work
• 69: Aristides' reply to Cheetham did for the Republicans
• 70: And no denunciation strengthen
• 71: Swartout demanded further satisfaction
• 72: 131 Footnote 131 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 73: Lansing began the study of law in 1774
• 74: To argue the case of Harry Croswell
• 75: Wolcott sent the letter to Hamilton
• 76: Already jealous of DeWitt Clinton's growing influence
• 77: Cheetham pounded Burr harder than ever
• 78: Burr now seems to have deliberately determined to kill him
• 79: Abhorring the practice of duelling
• 80: Burr and Van Ness having preceded them
• 81: Burr made Davis his literary executor
• 82: On which Theodosia had taken passage for her southern home
• 83: DeWitt Clinton had not approved the Governor's course
• 84: Or successfully to compete with Clinton in leadership
• 85: Afterward known as Martling Men
• 86: Southwick possessed the amiable
• 87: But Edward Savage proposed John Woodworth
• 88: Tompkins entered the same institution
• 89: Tompkins for a gubernatorial candidate
• 90: Putting Tompkins into the race for governor
• 91: Destroy perishable commodities like breadstuffs
• 92: To the great disgust of Cheetham
• 93: DeWitt Clinton understood this
• 94: Under the lead of Van Vechten and Cady
• 95: Became surrogate of Dutchess County
• 96: To a man of DeWitt Clinton's high order of intellect
• 97: Nor had his statement overleaped the truth
• 98: Parrish lost his temper and Platt his cause
• 99: DeWitt Clinton now wished to succeed Broome
• 100: At the tavern of Abraham Martling
• 101: Tammany bolted Clinton's nomination
• 102: So long as they remained under Federalist control
• 103: He asked authority to charter the Manhattan Company
• 104: An assemblyman from Root's home
• 105: It was because of this craftiness
• 106: Solomon Southwick belonged to a different type
• 107: 162 Footnote 162 Governors' Speeches
• 108: With Tompkins and Spencer stood John Taylor
• 109: Clinton was satisfied to conserve what he had
• 110: Madison was renominated by a congressional caucus
• 111: Clinton said to Gouverneur Morris
• 112: He had published a tirade against the Federalists
• 113: An innkeeper in the village of Kinderhook
• 114: Van Buren had approved embargo
• 115: Whether a Clinton or a Livingston
• 116: Clintonians and Madisonians alike suffered
• 117: Tompkins was now at the zenith of his political career
• 118: To the great embarrassment of Tompkins
• 119: For if Townsend voted for Riker
• 120: Dearborn submitted a plan of campaign
• 121: Whatever Armstrong suggested Wilkinson opposed
• 122: They pounced upon the Niagara frontier
• 123: Macomb had only fifteen hundred men at Plattsburg
• 124: 181 Footnote 180 Gouverneur Morris to Timothy Pickering
• 125: Elmendorff had been two years in the Assembly
• 126: But Elmendorff and Hubbard hesitated
• 127: Served longer than DeWitt Clinton
• 128: Since DeWitt Clinton's defection in 1812
• 129: Had Tompkins fully appreciated
• 130: Tompkins was named for Vice President
• 131: The Legislature authorised Simeon DeWitt
• 132: And Clinton was welcomed whenever and wherever he appeared
• 133: With peace once declared with Clinton
• 134: Bitter opposition to Tompkins in 1813
• 135: And the nomination of DeWitt Clinton
• 136: Refusing to accept DeWitt Clinton
• 137: Divide the Federalists between them
• 138: But Van Buren wanted the Council
• 139: And reduce the Clintonians to a faction
• 140: Strengthened by the Clintonians
• 141: While the Bucktails thought Samuel Young
• 142: Clinton thought him much of an imbecile
• 143: The Clintonians gave Spencer sixty four votes
• 144: And the timidity of Clintonian
• 145: His countenance inclined to austerity
• 146: Yet King did not openly ally himself with the Bucktails
• 147: And others pleaded for Tompkins
• 148: 000 claimed by Tompkins to $11
• 149: Life and Correspondence of Rufus King
• 150: It looked like a Clintonian defeat and Bucktail victory
• 151: Footnote 204 DeWitt Clinton to Henry Post
• 152: 212 Footnote 209 DeWitt Clinton's Letters to Henry Post
• 153: He compelled every Federalist and Clintonian
• 154: Footnote 214 DeWitt Clinton's Letters to Henry Post
• 155: Talcott was tall and commanding
• 156: Though Talcott began life a Federalist
• 157: Footnote 215 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 158: Had increased to fifty five in 1820
• 159: The only Bucktail on the bench
• 160: All were prominent Bucktail leaders
• 161: In spite of property qualifications
• 162: Erastus Root offered a substitute
• 163: They did not propose to follow Van Buren
• 164: Which disclosed sixty two ayes and fifty three noes
• 165: Van Buren was ready to sacrifice the appointment of sheriffs
• 166: Advocates of universal suffrage
• 167: It was obvious that the Bucktails
• 168: Sympathetic disposition of Yates
• 169: In the absence of a Clintonian or Federalist opponent
• 170: Thurlow Weed at this time was twenty six years old
• 171: Nor could he be called a Clintonian
• 172: To nominate them for reappointment
• 173: Henry Wheaton was easily second
• 174: But Yates thought it wise to follow the Regency
• 175: If Tallmadge voted for such a resolution
• 176: Between the Clintonian prejudice against Tallmadge
• 177: Resolving to support Tallmadge
• 178: No one thought of DeWitt Clinton
• 179: And 'a thorough paced political blackleg
• 180: In behalf of Solomon Southwick's candidacy for governor
• 181: 244 Footnote 243 Autobiography of Thurlow Weed
• 182: And Stephen Van Rensselaer was doubtful
• 183: Van Rensselaer still hesitated on account of Clinton
• 184: Crawford's candidacy for President
• 185: Through the active and judicious agency of Benjamin Knower
• 186: As a member of the senatorial committee
• 187: Influencing many Clintonians to support Rochester
• 188: Van Buren easily retrieved all
• 189: Van Buren possessed the advantage
• 190: CHAPTER XXXIIVAN BUREN ELECTED GOVERNOR1828 In September
• 191: And transfer to Canandaigua for examination
• 192: Footnote 253 Autobiography of Thurlow Weed
• 193: Footnote 255 Writing of Granger
• 194: Crary was one of the assemblymen who
• 195: Who was to be sacrificed for Throop
• 196: Footnote 259 Autobiography of Thurlow Weed
• 197: Fuller of Livingston and Millard Fillmore of Erie
• 198: Unsuccessfully seeking a judgeship from Governor Throop
• 199: Croswell and Weed had been boys together at Catskill
• 200: In no mood to support the Bucktail choice
• 201: Seward grew rapidly on subsequent occasions
• 202: Footnote 267 Autobiography of Thurlow Weed
• 203: Silas Wright was a younger man than Bronson
• 204: 272 Marcy had made an excellent state comptroller
• 205: Which was in force when Van Buren
• 206: 274 On the evening Van Buren heard of his rejection
• 207: Footnote 274 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 208: That Erastus Root was penitent
• 209: Marcy had thoughtlessly included
• 210: Tracy had been an acknowledged leader
• 211: Dyspepsia taken into the account
• 212: Also a popular member of Tammany
• 213: Almost the devotee of Van Buren
• 214: Re electing Marcy and Tracy by thirteen thousand majority
• 215: Van buren defeated at baltimore
• 216: 1860 1861 367xxix
• 217: Dix had inherited loyalty from his father
• 218: Lundy organised an anti slavery association
• 219: Or to confuse the conscience of Arthur Tappan
• 220: Gerrit Smith was a philanthropist
• 221: Wrote Van Buren to the governor of Georgia
• 222: Jesse Buel was not a brilliant man
• 223: Barstow had been a Clintonian and an anti Clintonian
• 224: The Whig party fused successfully with the Equal Righters
• 225: Luther Bradish was chosen speaker
• 226: Bradish attain a majority at the informal ballot
• 227: 294 Footnote 294 Apart from politics
• 228: McKenzie was thrown into a Canadian dungeon
• 229: 295 Footnote 295 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 230: Thurlow Weed had been a constant reader of the New Yorker
• 231: 299 Footnote 299 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 232: Footnote 302 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 233: Footnote 303 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 234: Footnote 305 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 235: The nomination of Jacob Haight
• 236: Tallmadge was entitled to their support
• 237: 315 Footnote 315 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 238: Bouck had served acceptably as sheriff
• 239: The canvass became one of song
• 240: Van Buren retired to Lindenwald
• 241: In his treatment of the McLeod matter
• 242: Bradish had won popularity by firmness
• 243: Bouck carried fewer guns than Young
• 244: The Radicals withdrew all opposition to Bouck and Dickinson
• 245: Living along the line of the Erie
• 246: Croswell promised to support him for state printer
• 247: Litchfield had been in Congress
• 248: Dennison wanted the surplus revenues
• 249: Although Hoffman possessed remarkable powers of denunciation
• 250: Van Buren deeply desired the nomination
• 251: At the time of the Hammit letter
• 252: Van Buren had visited Clay at Ashland in 1842
• 253: Refusing to shrink from the Van Buren issue
• 254: Having willingly defeated Van Buren
• 255: Van Buren had much liking for the career of a public man
• 256: To give Bouck an easy avenue of escape
• 257: Fillmore is a favourite everywhere
• 258: Footnote 335 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 259: These Anti Renters avoided state and national nominations
• 260: Seward had the spirit of the Greeks
• 261: Even to the strongest anti slavery Whigs
• 262: Footnote 345 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 263: Governor Wright was quoted as favourable to Crain
• 264: Back of him stood Edwin Croswell
• 265: Dickinson for the six years term
• 266: The tactics of Edwin Croswell came to Polk's relief
• 267: It is not improbable that Crain
• 268: Only Hunkers voted in the negative
• 269: To the astonishment of the Hunkers
• 270: Called by the Legislature of 1845
• 271: Horace Greeley had expected a nomination from Chautauqua
• 272: Under the Constitution of 1846
• 273: 356 Footnote 356 Autobiography of Thurlow Weed
• 274: But Ruggles never offended anybody
• 275: Courts of law and equity were united
• 276: The Constitution of 1846 was the people's Constitution
• 277: Fillmore had not sought the nomination
• 278: The Anti Renters could scarcely be called a party
• 279: That the Anti Renters were warm and persistent friends
• 280: Crain had a profound conviction on the subject
• 281: Occupied his leisure during the spring and summer of 1847
• 282: And the Van Burens joined the Barnburners
• 283: Hostilities between the Hunkers and Barnburners
• 284: Few knew how able a lawyer the elder Van Buren was
• 285: The Barnburners issued an address
• 286: But for the Van Buren of to day the veteran statesman
• 287: ' responded the oily Barnburner
• 288: Footnote 379 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 289: He named Millard Fillmore for Vice President
• 290: In resentment of Fish's defeat by the Anti Renters
• 291: Voted down the Wilmot Proviso in June
• 292: The Hunkers elected only six assemblymen
• 293: That Fillmore and Collier were now bosom friends
• 294: 389 Footnote 389 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 295: Footnote 395 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 296: Nor did the coalition of Hunkers
• 297: Seward stood firmly for his anti slavery convictions
• 298: He now appeared as an ally of President Fillmore
• 299: They received Barnburner delegates
• 300: 401 Footnote 400 Washington Hunt
• 301: When Raymond left the Tribune
• 302: 404 Footnote 403 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 303: Footnote 407 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 304: 408 Footnote 408 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 305: This was agreeable to Fillmore
• 306: He had bitterly denounced the Barnburners
• 307: 411 Dickinson had carefully arranged for this vote
• 308: Beekman of New York City for governor
• 309: Footnote 415 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 310: Seward was the political juggler
• 311: And the Free soilers denounced it
• 312: Seymour rather liked the Barnburners
• 313: 424 This was too much for the pro slavery Hunkers
• 314: When Seymour began co operating with the Barnburners
• 315: And the Barnburners Softshells or Softs
• 316: The Life and Letters of Roscoe Conkling
• 317: Footnote 435 New York Tribune
• 318: Smells too strongly of Welles' dislike of Seward
• 319: 442 In the Tribune of May 17
• 320: Footnote 444 New York Evening Post
• 321: Then Greeley asked to be made lieutenant governor
• 322: Footnote 445 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 323: Footnote 446 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 324: Who ran for lieutenant governor on the ticket with Bronson
• 325: The changes in 1854 announced its presence
• 326: The five dissenting Whig senators voted for Fillmore
• 327: And just before it occurred five thousand Missourians
• 328: The Court of Appeals declared it unconstitutional
• 329: Fenton as their presiding officer
• 330: King was nearly double the age of Fenton
• 331: Headley for secretary of state
• 332: Frederick Douglass was a favourite everywhere
• 333: And Seward its acknowledged leader
• 334: Reeder was out of the way for the moment
• 335: Footnote 471 New York Independent
• 336: Footnote 478 Statement of William H
• 337: On the first ballot Buchanan had 135 votes
• 338: 483 Footnote 480 Gideon Welles
• 339: Footnote 486 Letters of April 7
• 340: Addison Gardiner was the choice of the Softs
• 341: 489 Footnote 489 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 342: Wadsworth more than held his own
• 343: The Americans nominated Erastus Brooks for governor
• 344: 492 Footnote 492 Edward Cary
• 345: 494 The average vote was as follows Republican
• 346: Thurlow Weed insisted upon Preston King
• 347: This ended the Lecompton episode
• 348: Wanted Timothy Jenkins for governor
• 349: Which the Lecompton scheme had outraged
• 350: Life and Letters of Roscoe Conkling
• 351: Footnote 502 New York Daily Tribune
• 352: Dickinson listened with distrust
• 353: Leavenworth for secretary of state
• 354: 505 Footnote 505 Congressional Globe
• 355: Convened a constitutional convention at Wyandotte
• 356: Footnote 511 Century Magazine
• 357: 513 Footnote 513 New York Tribune
• 358: Footnote 515 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 359: 518 Footnote 516 New York Tribune
• 360: Footnote 521 Though destitute of all literary furnishment
• 361: The minority reaffirmed the Cincinnati platform of 1856
• 362: It was shown that Douglas need not be nominated
• 363: Marshalled by Mason and Slidell
• 364: Patrick of California named Dickinson
• 365: 534 In replying to Davis several days later
• 366: And several of its delegates preferred Seward
• 367: Seward was not disconcerted by these warnings
• 368: Greeley favoured Bates of Missouri
• 369: Evarts moved to make the nomination unanimous
• 370: Cayuga County poured itself into Auburn
• 371: Footnote 556 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 372: The principal manager of the New Yorkers
• 373: Yancey spoke of them as small men
• 374: Proposed to slaughter Douglas 561 as it did at Charleston
• 375: It could not agree to admit Yancey Co
• 376: Breckenridge of Kentucky for President
• 377: Dickinson had always favoured slavery
• 378: 571 Footnote 571 New York Times
• 379: 572 and I am sure I uniformly responded affirmatively
• 380: 573 Footnote 573 New York Tribune
• 381: And that such devoted compatriots as A
• 382: I was promised certain pecuniary aid in so doing
• 383: I sometimes indicated Patterson
• 384: 574 Footnote 574 New York Tribune
• 385: Here is the 'editorial rescript formally reading' Mr
• 386: Greeley coveted an inspectorship
• 387: Greeley for lieutenant governor
• 388: Wadsworth for governor of New York
• 389: Although Dickinson was always altogether on one side
• 390: 581 To dissipate the confusion
• 391: And had stubbornly opposed Seward
• 392: 585 his praise of Lincoln was in excellent taste
• 393: 595 Footnote 589 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 394: 598 Footnote 598 Speech of February 29
• 395: Footnote 602 New York Tribune
• 396: Footnote 607 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 397: 611 Footnote 611 Albany Evening Journal
• 398: Footnote 612 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 399: Footnote 619 In the committee of thirteen
• 400: Footnote 632 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 401: 633 Footnote 633 Albany Argus
• 402: 641 Footnote 639 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 403: Footnote 642 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 404: Footnote 644 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 405: 648 not that he advocated the idea
• 406: 652 Footnote 652 Albany Argus
• 407: 653 Footnote 653 Horace Greeley
• 408: Footnote 654 See New York Tribune
• 409: Evarts had not then held office
• 410: Footnote 659 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 411: Did not please Speaker Littlejohn
• 412: Footnote 666 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 413: Footnote 668 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 414: 677 Footnote 677 Nicolay and Hay
• 415: 686 Footnote 683 William Salter
• 416: 690 Footnote 690 Congressional Globe
• 417: Footnote 693 The Richmond Whig
• 418: 697 Footnote 697 New York Tribune
• 419: Footnote 704 New York Tribune
• 420: Seward had occasion to present a petition
• 421: Footnote 708 New York Tribune
• 422: 714 In line with this suggestion
• 423: 717 But Senator Chase of Ohio
• 424: Seward sought protection behind his son
• 425: Life and Letters of Roscoe Conkling
• 426: 730 Footnote 730 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 427: Footnote 735 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 428: Footnote 741 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 429: Footnote 746 New York Herald
• 430: Footnote 753 'Bray Dickinson
• 431: 757 Footnote 755 Thurlow Weed Barnes
• 432: Greeley favoured Bates for President
• 433: Governor seymour and president lincoln
• 434: Rivalry of tilden and conkling
• 435: 765 Footnote 762 Official Records
• 436: Footnote 769 New York Tribune
• 437: 773 Footnote 772 New York Tribune
• 438: Soon afterwards Dix became a major general of volunteers
• 439: 782 Footnote 777 Richmond Examiner
• 440: 786 Footnote 786 Of 49 regiments engaged
• 441: 789 Footnote 788 New York Journal of Commerce
• 442: Chairman of the Democratic State Committee
• 443: Francis Kernan became temporary chairman
• 444: Redfield is universally laughed at
• 445: Kernan was not averse to taking office
• 446: Footnote 797 New York Tribune
• 447: And it appealed strongly to Lyman Tremaine
• 448: Footnote 808 Political Essays
• 449: Dickinson to stigmatise the Democratic party
• 450: 811 Footnote 811 Public Record of Horatio Seymour
• 451: From that moment his shadow had kept sachems alarmed
• 452: Spaulding fully appreciated the objections to his policy
• 453: 822 Footnote 821 New York Times
• 454: Greeley fought with a broad sword
• 455: Seymour sincerely preferred another
• 456: 826 Footnote 826 Cook and Knox
• 457: 829 Seward's view was adopted
• 458: 839 Footnote 836 New York Times
• 459: Wadsworth lives upon his immense Genesee farms
• 460: 851 Footnote 848 Lincoln's Works
• 461: 854 Footnote 852 New York Tribune
• 462: Footnote 859 New York Tribune
• 463: Later in the evening Depew was visited by Callicot
• 464: Footnote 872 Albany Evening Journal
• 465: Speaker Callicot voting for John A
• 466: 882 Footnote 880 Albany Evening Journal
• 467: 885 I pray that my name may be enrolled in that league
• 468: 887 Footnote 887 Horatio Seymour
• 469: 894 Footnote 893 Horatio Seymour
• 470: 897 Footnote 896 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 471: 899 Footnote 898 Couch's report
• 472: 903 Footnote 900 New York Tribune
• 473: 906 On the day the drawing began
• 474: Footnote 910 The Public Record of Horatio Seymour
• 475: They graciously accepted Abraham Wakeman
• 476: 914 Footnote 913 So far as politics were concerned
• 477: You profess to think its retraction would help the Union
• 478: 915 Footnote 915 New York Herald
• 479: Footnote 922 New York Tribune
• 480: Footnote 924 Record of Horatio Seymour
• 481: 927 Footnote 927 Depew received 29
• 482: 933 Barney had become a burden to Lincoln
• 483: 938 Footnote 938 New York Herald
• 484: 945 Footnote 945 Nicolay Hay
• 485: 949 But Tremaine did not rely upon words alone
• 486: 955 Footnote 951 Cochrane's speech at Cleveland
• 487: 959 Footnote 958 Edward McPherson
• 488: 965 Footnote 964 Nicolay Hay
• 489: Possibly in selecting Draper instead of Wakeman
• 490: 970 Footnote 970 Public Record of Horatio Seymour
• 491: 974 Footnote 972 Motley's Letters
• 492: 980 Footnote 977 The undersigned
• 493: 982 Footnote 981 Nicolay Hay
• 494: Its known partiality for Seymour added to its strength
• 495: 987 Footnote 986 Dean Richmond remains firm for McClellan
• 496: Footnote 991 Harper's Weekly
• 497: To Seymour it was not a new proposition
• 498: 997 Footnote 997 Edward McPherson
• 499: Footnote 1003 New York Tribune
• 500: 1004 Other nominations fell to the Radicals
• 501: Footnote 1012 From Chauncey M
• 502: 1014 Footnote 1013 Official Records
• 503: 1018 Footnote 1018 Public Record of Horatio Seymour
• 504: Footnote 1023 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 505: Footnote 1026 New York Tribune
• 506: Footnote 1029 New York Tribune
• 507: 1031 Footnote 1031 New York Tribune
• 508: Footnote 1037 New York Tribune
• 509: 1040 Footnote 1040 New York Times
• 510: Footnote 1043 New York Tribune
• 511: 1046 Footnote 1046 McPherson
• 512: 1049 Footnote 1049 Congressional Globe
• 513: Footnote 1051 Congressional Globe
• 514: Instantly Stevens retorted It means following Raymond
• 515: Had he been elected as a Copperhead
• 516: 1066 Footnote 1062 McPherson's Reconstruction
• 517: 1073 Footnote 1071 James Russell Lowell
• 518: Footnote 1075 New York Tribune
• 519: Footnote 1078 New York Times editorial
• 520: Footnote 1082 New York Times
• 521: Footnote 1083 New York Times
• 522: Edwards Pierrepont took the floor
• 523: 1089 Footnote 1088 New York Times
• 524: 1094 Footnote 1094 New York Times
• 525: 1101 The horrors of Andersonville
• 526: 1110 Footnote 1108 Gustavus Myers
• 527: Footnote 1113 As to the gentleman's cruel sarcasm
• 528: Footnote 1116 New York Tribune
• 529: 1121 Footnote 1121 New York Times
• 530: Conkling was not yet established
• 531: McKean and Hulburd had served two terms each in Congress
• 532: Tweed had a most agreeable personality
• 533: He was known as elegant Oakey
• 534: 1133 Footnote 1133 New York World
• 535: 1136 Footnote 1136 New York World
• 536: 1137 Footnote 1137 New York World
• 537: Had forced negro suffrage upon the Southern States
• 538: 1145 Footnote 1145 New York World
• 539: Footnote 1149 New York Tribune
• 540: Footnote 1152 New York World
• 541: 1156 Opposition to his promotion
• 542: Conkling a brother of the Senator
• 543: Footnote 1164 New York Times
• 544: 1169 Footnote 1169 New York Tribune
• 545: Who preferred Chase to Hendricks
• 546: 1175 Footnote 1174 New York Times
• 547: 1181 Footnote 1178 New York Times
• 548: 1185 Footnote 1185 John Bigelow
• 549: 1189 Footnote 1189 Then we have John T
• 550: 1191 Footnote 1191 New York World
• 551: 1193 Footnote 1193 Report of the Secretary of War
• 552: 1196 Footnote 1196 Horatio Seymour
• 553: 1198 Footnote 1198 Seward's Works
• 554: Footnote 1203 New York Times
• 555: 1208 Footnote 1208 The Nation
• 556: 1212 Footnote 1211 New York Tribune
• 557: 1213 Footnote 1213 New York World
• 558: Woodin declared that it made Younglove a political corpse
• 559: Footnote 1225 New York Tribune
• 560: 1231 Footnote 1231 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 561: 1234 Footnote 1233 New York Tribune
• 562: 1239 Footnote 1235 New York Times
• 563: 1244 Footnote 1241 The Nation
• 564: 1251 Footnote 1248 William M
• 565: Footnote 1254 New York Times
• 566: 1258 Promptly upon this announcement Conkling
• 567: Forced the convention to support Woodford or accept Greeley
• 568: Under an arrangement with Tammany
• 569: Footnote 1269 Harper's Weekly
• 570: Footnote 1271 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 571: Footnote 1279 New York Tribune
• 572: 1286 Footnote 1286 New York Times
• 573: McCunn died three days after sentence
• 574: And the director of a national bank at Ithaca
• 575: Footnote 1296 New York Times
• 576: 1301 Footnote 1298 New York Times
• 577: 1306 Footnote 1304 New York Tribune
• 578: Footnote 1310 New York Tribune editorials
• 579: 1312 This aggravated the situation
• 580: 1317 Footnote 1317 New York Tribune
• 581: 1320 Footnote 1318 Such a speech
• 582: Tilden prepared to crush Tammany
• 583: Footnote 1329 Tilden's interview
• 584: 1333 This formidable combination
• 585: Was non persona grata to Tammany
• 586: 1336 Footnote 1336 New York Tribune
• 587: 1340 Footnote 1339 Harper's Weekly
• 588: 1342 Footnote 1342 New York Tribune
• 589: Footnote 1345 New York Tribune
• 590: 1350 Footnote 1347 New York Tribune
• 591: Footnote 1351 New York Tribune
• 592: 1363 Footnote 1362 New York Post
• 593: Footnote 1367 Southern States
• 594: Footnote 1372 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 595: These represented regenerated Tammany
• 596: Three weeks later the Republican national convention
• 597: 1386 Footnote 1383 New York Tribune
• 598: 1388 Footnote 1388 Henry Clews
• 599: 1393 Footnote 1393 New York Tribune
• 600: Havermeyer had twice been mayor
• 601: 1404 Footnote 1403 New York Tribune
• 602: 1412 Footnote 1409 New York Times
• 603: 1420 Footnote 1418 He died November 29
• 604: 1424 Footnote 1424 Report of Civil Service Commission
• 605: 1428 Moreover it was conceded that Barlow
• 606: Indicated a preference for Tilden
• 607: 1435 Footnote 1433 Harper's Weekly
• 608: 1442 Footnote 1439 Buffalo Courier
• 609: Footnote 1446 William Dorsheimer
• 610: While Dix has six in time of peace
• 611: Barring a few appointments Havermeyer had made a fair record
• 612: 1465 Footnote 1465 New York Times
• 613: 50B was given the contract as the lowest bidder
• 614: 1472 Footnote 1472 Harper's Weekly
• 615: 1476 reaffirmed the platforms of 1872 and 1874
• 616: 1478 Footnote 1478 Address at Utica Fair
• 617: 1484 Footnote 1483 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 618: Footnote 1487 New York Tribune
• 619: 1488 Footnote 1488 New York Tribune
• 620: Conkling thought him not very well known
• 621: Evarts appealed as a representative leader
• 622: Pomeroy of Cayuga entered the lists
• 623: And when the Tilden lieutenants proscribed it
• 624: And Connecticut could elect Tilden without Indiana
• 625: Footnote 1515 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 626: It renominated Dorsheimer for lieutenant governor
• 627: 1523 Footnote 1523 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 628: Tilden relied largely upon his own shrewdness
• 629: Pelton accepted the full responsibility
• 630: 1532 Footnote 1532 The Nation
• 631: Saying that Bayard and Thurman of the Senate
• 632: Footnote 1546 Century Magazine
• 633: Footnote 1548 General Grant sent for Senator Conkling
• 634: Congress appended a section to an appropriation bill
• 635: 1565 Footnote 1564 New York Tribune
• 636: Footnote 1569 New York Tribune
• 637: Conkling early recognised Platt's executive ability
• 638: 1574 Footnote 1573 New York Tribune
• 639: 1576 Footnote 1575 See Chapter XII
• 640: Curtis played at Cincinnati to defeat Conkling
• 641: Wanton assaults had been made upon Republicans
• 642: The assaults they incite are somewhat annoying
• 643: 1582 Footnote 1580 After the death of Thomas B
• 644: Who now proposed to destroy the Tilden regime
• 645: Hill sat by the side of Tilden
• 646: Sugar coated with an alleged affection for Tilden
• 647: 1595 Footnote 1594 Secretary of State
• 648: Tilden retired to Gramercy Park
• 649: 1601 Footnote 1601 Total vote of John J
• 650: Which originated the Greenback
• 651: 1608 Footnote 1607 New York Times correspondence
• 652: The Tilden forces endorsed Robinson's administration
• 653: Footnote 1611 Appleton's Cyclopaedia
• 654: A large majority of Republican assemblymen
• 655: 1621 Although the caucus refused to adopt the protest
• 656: 1623 The terms of Arthur and Cornell had not expired
• 657: 1625 Footnote 1625 New York Tribune
• 658: When Conkling felt himself at ease
• 659: It was an important victory for Conkling
• 660: Conkling had exhibited both tact and skill in that campaign
• 661: Failure to recommit turned defeat into confusion
• 662: They had supposed Conkling invincible in the Senate
• 663: The State convention of Nationals assembled at Utica
• 664: Hiscock was then on the threshold of his public career
• 665: Footnote 1647 Harper's Weekly
• 666: But Tilden was not without friends
• 667: Under the leadership of Hugh McLaughlin
• 668: 1654 Then Dorsheimer took the floor
• 669: 1658 Footnote 1656 Harper's Weekly
• 670: 1663 Footnote 1662 The Nation
• 671: In accepting the presidency of the Albany Club
• 672: Smyth was already in bad odour
• 673: 1670 dissolved his relations with a journal that he loved
• 674: Footnote 1675 Roscoe Conkling
• 675: 1679 Footnote 1678 New York Times
• 676: Upon Sessions and Woodin it was more severe
• 677: Footnote 1692 Chicago Inter Ocean
• 678: Feebly pronounced the name Blaine
• 679: Conkling bitterly resented Garfield's nomination
• 680: 1702 Footnote 1702 New York Tribune
• 681: 1705 The reiteration of this proposition made Tilden
• 682: Many New York Democrats disliked Tilden
• 683: Dorsheimer had become a political changeling
• 684: William Dorsheimer of New York
• 685: Tilden wanted the endorsement of a renomination
• 686: Tilden was essentially an opportunist
• 687: At Cincinnati he represented the conservative Tilden men
• 688: And which Tammany did not attend
• 689: Dowd had the support of many members of Irving Hall
• 690: And to encourage assemblymen to oppose George H
• 691: Depew was the choice of a majority
• 692: His opinion greatly strengthened the Depew scheme
• 693: 1745 Conkling says the President
• 694: When in conversation with Conkling
• 695: Conkling have benefited only the Republicans
• 696: That Conkling had talked harshly
• 697: Footnote 1758 Conkling was unrelenting in his enmities
• 698: To succeed Conkling short term
• 699: But he would not oppose Conkling
• 700: For Conkling it was worse than defeat
• 701: And having failed to reorganise him out of Tammany April
• 702: Husted was overwhelmingly defeated
• 703: Gave Tammany twenty four and Irving Hall ten
• 704: While the Dutchess friends of Homer A
• 705: And Slocum and Flower stood even
• 706: Conkling and the President marked him for defeat
• 707: Likewise became a decoy for Folger
• 708: In a letter to an Albany meeting Folger declared
• 709: And a count of the votes showed that Folger
• 710: Removes Clinton from canal com
• 711: People's reception of nomination
• 712: Seymour unites them with Hunkers
• 713: Bitterly opposed for renomination as sec
• 714: Oratorical castigation of Conkling
• 715: Checked by Clinton and Hamilton
• 716: Father of Elizabeth Cady Stanton
• 717: Lincoln nominated on third ballot
• 718: Weed opposed nomination for gov
• 719: Supported by Federalists for gov
• 720: DeWitt Clinton in its first class
• 721: Resignation forwarded to Cornell
• 722: Constitutional Amendments ratified
• 723: Strained relations with Conkling
• 724: Contest over constitutional con
• 725: Curtis and Conkling contrasted
• 726: Again splits into Hunkers and Barnburners
• 727: Defeated for nomination for gov
• 728: Douglas Bell Breckenridge fusion
• 729: Declared Federal party dissolved
• 730: Ready to support Church for gov
• 731: Opposes election of presidential electors
• 732: Efforts to defeat Cornell's renomination
• 733: Compared with United States senator
• 734: Unpopularity with radical Reps
• 735: Nominated for elector at large
• 736: Urges Federalists to oppose Burr
• 737: Efforts to reform civil service
• 738: Informs Tilden of Electoral Com
• 739: Seymour unites them with Barnburners
• 740: Proposed Schuyler and Clinton for gov
• 741: Acts with Clinton in crushing Burr
• 742: Divides vote among four candidates for gov
• 743: Go between of Van Buren and Clinton
• 744: Nominate Greeley for President
• 745: Defeated for renomination for lt
• 746: Brilliant editor of Albany Argus
• 747: Appointed collector of customs
• 748: Thinks Wadsworth available for gov
• 749: Conkling secures his confirmation
• 750: Dix defeated by Hoffman for gov
• 751: Refuses nomination for state comp
• 752: Dispatches to Pelton from Oregon
• 753: With their aid nominated in caucus
• 754: Favours union of American and Rep
• 755: Called Barnburners after supporting the Wilmot Proviso
• 756: And manages Saratoga and Philadelphia conventions
• 757: Declines nomination for state comp
• 758: Opposes DeWitt Clinton for President
• 759: Member first constitutional con
• 760: Criticised as bid for Presidency
• 761: Harmonises Hunkers and Barnburners
• 762: Urges Conkling to seek re election at Albany
• 763: Withdrawal of anti slavery leaders
• 764: Relations with Tompkins strained
• 765: Morrissey and Kelly factions unite
• 766: Approves books of Tweed's city comp
• 767: Fails to nominate Dorsheimer for gov
• 768: Opposes George Clinton for President
• 769: McCunn dies soon after sentenced
• 770: Opposed Seymour for nomination
• 771: Conciliatory policy toward Clinton
• 772: Hampton ordered to Plattsburgh
• 773: Accepted leader against Van Buren
• 774: Seward its first candidate for gov
• 775: Ambitious to be candidate for gov
• 776: Refused to pardon Anti Renters
• 777: From the days of George Clinton
• 778: Secretary of the Immigration Restriction League
• 779: And its effect on the senate and senators
• 780: Studies in american trade unionismj
• 781: THE ITALIANS OF TO DAYBy Rene Bazin