Produced by Al Haines
[Frontispiece: Magna Charta, 1215: King John submits to the Barons, and signs the Great Charter of British Liberties.]
A SHORT HISTORY OF
ENGLAND, IRELAND
AND SCOTLAND
BY
MARY PLATT PARMELE
ILLUSTRATED
NEW YORK
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
1907
COPYRIGHT, 1895, BY
WILLIAM BEVERLEY HARISON
COPYRIGHT, 1898, 1900, 1906, BY
CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
PREFACE
Will the readers of this little work please bear in mind the difficulties which must attend the painting of a very large picture, with multitudinous characters and details, upon a very small canvas! This book is mainly an attempt to trace to their sources some of the currents which enter into the life of Great Britain to-day, and to indicate the starting-points of some among the various threads--legislative, judicial, social, etc.--which are gathered into the imposing strand of English civilization in this closing nineteenth century.
The reader will please observe that there seem to have been two things most closely interwoven with the life of England--RELIGION and MONEY have been the great evolutionary factors in her development.
It has been, first, the resistance of the people to the extortions of money by the ruling class, and second, the violating of their religious instincts, which has made nearly all that is vital in English history.
The lines upon which the government has developed to its present constitutional form are chiefly lines of resistance to oppressive enactments in these two matters. The dynastic and military history of England, although picturesque and interesting, is really only a narrative of the external causes which have impeded the nation's growth toward its ideal of "the greatest possible good to the greatest possible number."
The historic development of Ireland and Scotland, and the events which have brought these two countries into organic union with England are, of necessity, very briefly related.
M. P. P.
CONTENTS
_HISTORY OF ENGLAND_
CHAPTER I.
PAGE
Ancient Britain--Caesar's Invasion--Britain a Roman Province--Boadicea--Lyndin or London--Roman Legions Withdrawn--Angles and Saxons--Cerdic--Teutonic Invasion--English Kingdoms Consolidated . . . . . . . . . . . 9
CHAPTER II.
Augustine--Edwin--Caedmon--Baeda--Alfred--Canute--Edward the Confessor--Harold--William the Conqueror . . . . . . . . . 25
CHAPTER III.
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: A Short History of England, Ireland and Scotland
- 2: Wolsey Reformation Edward VI
- 3: Huge mounds of rough stones called Cromlechs
- 4: But the octopus had firmly closed about its victim
- 5: The unhappy Britons invited their fate
- 6: Was simply Cerdic the Ealdorman or Alder mann
- 7: Made by a mingling of Keltic Briton
- 8: So is English intellectual life rooted in Baeda
- 9: Witenagemot a Council composed of Witan or Wise Men
- 10: When Godwin's son Harold was called to the empty throne
- 11: Feudalism had been gradually stifling old English freedom
- 12: Came in enriching streams from the older civilizations
- 13: But from the moment Becket became Archbishop of Canterbury
- 14: With which to continue his wars in Palestine
- 15: It was not the stately Oxford of to day
- 16: Existed in this assembly at Oxford in 1265
- 17: Son of the heroic Prince Edward
- 18: Did Wickliffe in his translation of the Bible
- 19: And was proclaimed Regent of France
- 20: Sending the 68 Lancastrian King to the tower
- 21: Was to reign under the title of Protector
- 22: He confided his scruples to Wolsey
- 23: And Protestantism had achieved a bloodstained victory
- 24: Can we wonder that she was cruel and remorseless
- 25: And so exasperated him with 86 her caprice
- 26: She felt not the slightest shame
- 27: Under the combined influence of Catharine de Medici
- 28: Almost annihilating the entire Armada
- 29: And immensely strengthened Puritan sentiment
- 30: All of which were odious to Puritans and Presbyterians
- 31: The 107 granted subsidies in the other
- 32: As the pressure increased under Laud
- 33: It is said that as Strafford passed to the block
- 34: Hampden had fallen on the battlefield
- 35: While Protestantism had protection at home and abroad
- 36: The Act of Habeas Corpus forever prevented imprisonment
- 37: Established by specific enactments
- 38: Blenheim turned the tide of French victory
- 39: Walpole created a Whig Government
- 40: And all to please the stubborn King
- 41: They were to pay such taxes as were imposed
- 42: Pitt vehemently declared that the Act was a tyranny
- 43: Led the allied army at Waterloo
- 44: Ate taxed food from taxed dishes
- 45: By this Act 56 boroughs were disfranchised
- 46: France was absorbed with her new Empire
- 47: The horrible blunder at Balaklava was not the only one
- 48: At Cawnpore was the crowning horror
- 49: Disraeli Lord Beaconsfield was Prime Minister
- 50: That the Dutch East India Company
- 51: And then there was another trek
- 52: Then President of the Transvaal
- 53: This latter President Kruger flatly rejected
- 54: The sympathy of foreign states was strongly with the Boers
- 55: No Tibetan territory could be leased to any foreign power
- 56: His Ministry cannot stand an hour
- 57: We are told that Heber and Heremon
- 58: That he offered to place Leinster at the feet of Henry II
- 59: Things were left to the Geraldines
- 60: Were invited to a banquet in the fort of Mullaghmast
- 61: To depart in a body for Connaught
- 62: The Cromwellian settlement and the massacre of 1641
- 63: With the surrender of Limerick the end had come
- 64: Than that all of the Thomonds should be beggars
- 65: Published a satirical pamphlet called A Modest Proposal
- 66: Upon Belfast and other points on the coast
- 67: Ferocity had been met by ferocity
- 68: The landlord must pay the tithe
- 69: And later O'Brien and Meagher were under sentence of death
- 70: The Picts and the Irish Scots were both of the Celtic race
- 71: Makbeth fand sufficient opportunite
- 72: The names Dunsinnane and Birnam
- 73: Gave judgment in favor of John Baliol
- 74: Who competed with Baliol for the throne of Scotland
- 75: His only competitor for the throne was Comyn
- 76: Concerning the character of Robert Bruce
- 77: Was abducted by Albany and the Earl of Douglas
- 78: There he met Lady Jane Beaufort
- 79: Then to the Douglases is traced every disorder in the realm
- 80: The Reformer and friend of John Knox
- 81: And Knox proclaimed from the pulpit
- 82: Her chief 289 minister was an Italian named Rizzio
- 83: A more modified form had been adopted an episcopacy
- 84: But the reign of a Scottish king in England
- 85: 299 sovereigns and rulers of england
- 86: 1702 BRUNSWICK LINE George I
- 87: 170 Disraeli Lord Beaconsfield
- 88: A Short History of England, Ireland and Scotland
- 89: 138 War of 1812 with United States
- 90: 199 Society of United Irishmen
