Produced by Al Haines
[Frontispiece: The Earl of Aberdeen, K.T.]
THE VICEROYS OF
IRELAND
THE STORY OF THE LONG LINE OF NOBLEMEN
AND THEIR WIVES WHO HAVE RULED
IRELAND AND IRISH SOCIETY FOR
OVER SEVEN HUNDRED
YEARS
BY
CHARLES O'MAHONY
WITH PHOTOGRAVURE FRONTISPIECE AND THIRTY-TWO OTHER
PORTRAITS AND ILLUSTRATIONS
LONDON
JOHN LONG, LIMITED
NORRIS STREET, HAYMARKET
MCMXII
TO
MY WIFE
{ix}
PREFACE
This is the first complete history of the viceroys of Ireland, the only other book on the subject being the late Sir John T. Gilbert's, which was published in 1864. But as he dealt with the viceroys between 1172 and 1509 only, his book has no claim to completeness. In common with all writers on Ireland, however, I must express my acknowledgments to Gilbert. His keen and discerning research work, covering the first two hundred years of the viceroyalty, has been of the utmost value to me.
Irish affairs appear certain to monopolize public and parliamentary attention this year, and on this account I think that the history of the men who have ruled Ireland for nearly seven hundred and fifty years will be read with interest.
Of the illustrations, that of Lord Aberdeen is from a photograph by M. Lafayette of Dublin and London, who has also supplied the photographs of Lady Aberdeen, Lords Dudley, Spencer, Londonderry, Cadogan, and Crewe, King Edward at the {x} Dublin Exhibition, and those of the Viceregal Lodge, St. Patrick's Hall, and the Throne Room in Dublin Castle. All the other illustrations are from photographs of the originals in the National Portrait Gallery, Dublin.
CHARLES O'MAHONY
LONDON
_June_, 1912
{xi}
CONTENTS
PAGE
CHAPTER I - - - - - - - - - - - 15 CHAPTER II - - - - - - - - - - - 28 CHAPTER III - - - - - - - - - - - 48 CHAPTER IV - - - - - - - - - - - 62 CHAPTER V - - - - - - - - - - - 71 CHAPTER VI - - - - - - - - - - - 86 CHAPTER VII - - - - - - - - - - - 103 CHAPTER VIII - - - - - - - - - - - 120 CHAPTER IX - - - - - - - - - - - 139 CHAPTER X - - - - - - - - - - - 161 CHAPTER XI - - - - - - - - - - - 173 CHAPTER XII - - - - - - - - - - - 188 CHAPTER XIII - - - - - - - - - - - 201 CHAPTER XIV - - - - - - - - - - - 216 CHAPTER XV - - - - - - - - - - - 229 CHAPTER XVI - - - - - - - - - - - 242 CHAPTER XVII - - - - - - - - - - - 261 CHAPTER XVIII - - - - - - - - - - - 271 CHAPTER XIX - - - - - - - - - - - 289 CHAPTER XX - - - - - - - - - - - 303 CHAPTER XXI - - - - - - - - - - - 313 CHAPTER XXII - - - - - - - - - - - 326
Table of contents (by pages)
- 1: The Viceroys of Ireland by Charles O'Mahony
- 2: Dublin castle 42st
- 3: From Waterford he marched to Dublin
- 4: Fitz Aldelm and the Geraldines were never friendly
- 5: 20 Hugh de Lacy returned in 1203
- 6: Jean Fitz Geoffery was appointed his successor
- 7: Le Botiller collected a large army
- 8: But in 1320 he was back again in London
- 9: The Bishop of Hereford was a very zealous politician
- 10: Gave way to Moriz when the latter arrived
- 11: Two years later 1361 Prince Lionel
- 12: At a special Parliament held in Kilkenny in 1367
- 13: Naturally Pembridge declined the post
- 14: Carried on the government from 1376 to 1378
- 15: Was nominated Viceroy of Ireland
- 16: Was reappointed for twelve years at a salary of L7
- 17: The viceroyalties of Sir John de Gray 1427 28
- 18: In 1459 fortune turned against him
- 19: Dublin Castle Worcester retired in 1468
- 20: Kildare had the leading part after Lambert Simnel
- 21: Restored Kildare to his deputyship
- 22: While Kildare was in the Tower
- 23: Parese betrayed the castle for a reward
- 24: But Bellingham found diplomacy
- 25: This woman did Henry Sidney see and speak with
- 26: Kilcolman Castle was burnt to the ground
- 27: And hinting that if Sir William Fitzwilliam
- 28: While in Ireland Mountjoy received a letter from Essex
- 29: The order of the Baronetage was created in 1611
- 30: Lady Falkland was secretly a Catholic
- 31: Should have 85 succeeded Strafford
- 32: Who was known as Viscount Thurles
- 33: Meanwhile Ormonde attacked Dublin
- 34: The gallant defender of Clonmel
- 35: Ormonde spoke the encouraging word
- 36: Was appointed deputy to General Monck
- 37: But the Duke of Ormonde and the Earl of Essex
- 38: Although Captain Brabazon swore that she was
- 39: Lord Ossory was his father's devoted friend
- 40: Lord Tyrconnel pretended to obey the viceroy
- 41: Tyrconnel was arrested by Cromwell
- 42: There was no room for the finer arts of life in Tyrconnel
- 43: Sidenote King James in Dublin Tyrconnel
- 44: Patrick Sarsfield stood by him
- 45: Sidenote The Treaty of Limerick On August 14
- 46: The most powerful being Sir Henry Capel
- 47: When he was seventeen he was married to Anne Hyde
- 48: Ormonde liked the somewhat eccentric clergyman
- 49: And he gladly resigned the viceroyalty to take it up
- 50: Wharton behaved like a drunken madman
- 51: His viceroyalty was certainly unconventional
- 52: Sidenote Draining the Irish exchequer Charles Paulet
- 53: For the coining of halfpence in Ireland
- 54: Carteret kept friendly with Swift
- 55: And Dorset found the viceroyalty greatly to his liking
- 56: His viceroyalty was more apparent than real
- 57: Whatever Chesterfield did for pleasure
- 58: The good natured Lady Chesterfield
- 59: Chesterfield departed from Ireland
- 60: And the leading actress was Peg Woffington
- 61: In the circumstances Dorset had his way
- 62: And appoint Lord Hartington in his place
- 63: Bedford resigned the viceroyalty in March
- 64: Mary Ann Faulkner saw them all
- 65: To the viceroyalty marked a new era in Irish history
- 66: Although he started for Dublin
- 67: And Lady Loftus had a fresh inspiration
- 68: ' Townshend replied with spirit
- 69: Langrishe himself married and lived many years
- 70: And Lord Carlisle was no exception to the rule
- 71: Grattan had the gift of social popularity
- 72: And the king had appointed Lord Shelburne to the premiership
- 73: Anxious to show its friendliness towards Northington
- 74: The leading noblemen built themselves mansions
- 75: Now tenth Earl of Westmoreland
- 76: With Lord Kenmare and John Keogh controlling it
- 77: Although Westmoreland and his secretary
- 78: Could not overwhelm the bureaucracy
- 79: Lady Camden urged him to resign
- 80: Camden seized upon this pretext
- 81: Castlereagh was given a free hand
- 82: There is a story told of John Philpot Curran
- 83: He never had a very flattering opinion of the viceroyalty
- 84: Wellesley was nominally chief secretary for two years
- 85: Conferred an earldom on Whitworth
- 86: Talbot and Whitworth were old friends
- 87: Then someone called for a cup and saucer
- 88: An Emancipationist by conviction
- 89: And instantly the Orangemen flew to 'arms
- 90: Lord Wellesley resigned without demur
- 91: Then known as the Earl of Uxbridge
- 92: Compelled Anglesey to send in his resignation
- 93: The Protestant clergyman demanded tithes from the priest
- 94: Sending Lord Mulgrave to Ireland
- 95: Normanby was not the man for Paris
- 96: But the commission was given to Lord Ebrington
- 97: And was succeeded by Lord Heytesbury
- 98: Lord Bessborough was sixty six
- 99: Clarendon was courageous enough
- 100: This frightened Lord Clarendon
- 101: Lord Clarendon confessed that he had paid L3
- 102: As Chief Secretary for Ireland
- 103: Sidenote The Earl of Carlisle St
- 104: But Lord Wodehouse was not dismayed
- 105: Lord Abercorn was in 1866 fifty five years of age
- 106: Lord and Lady Abercorn received them in Dublin
- 107: Dublin society was inclined to frown upon the viceroy
- 108: Gladstone proposed his university reforms
- 109: When the Duke of Abercorn sent in his resignation
- 110: Parnell had entered Parliament in 1875
- 111: The Irish leader was thereupon taken to Kilmainham Gaol
- 112: I then turned towards the Viceregal Lodge
- 113: Gladstone was always a difficult leader to follow
- 114: And appointed Lord Carnarvon Viceroy of Ireland
- 115: Lady Carnarvon was received for her own sake
- 116: Sidenote Carnarvon and Parnell Lord Carnarvon
- 117: Parnell 'with perfect discretion
- 118: And Lord and Lady Aberdeen left Ireland
- 119: Balfour answered force with force
- 120: Balfour's resignation of the premiership
- 121: Sidenote Lord Houghton Lord Houghton was born in 1858
- 122: The youngest daughter of the Earl of Rosebery
- 123: Gerald Balfour accompanied Lord Cadogan
- 124: Every Boer victory was received with jubilation
- 125: These events isolated Lord Cadogan
- 126: The devolution scheme ascribed to Lord Dunraven
- 127: Lady Dudley succeeded every time
- 128: They saw Sir Henry Campbell Bannerman
- 129: The Nationalist party was inclined to be sullen
- 130: Sidenote Nationalists and the Castle Then
- 131: The second deputation was from the City of Belfast
- 132: Known as the Dublin Castle jewels
- 133: Their Majesties arrived in Dublin on July 8
- 134: The Irish Lace Ball of 1907 at the Castle
- 135: 264 Abercorn's second viceroyalty
- 136: 258 Carnarvon and Dublin University
- 137: 157 Dorset and Peg Woffington
- 138: 181 Grattan and Lord Carlisle
- 139: 73 Kildare and London society
- 140: 171 Parnell and Lord Carnarvon
- 141: 49 Sidney on the viceroyalty
- 142: 39 Viceregal Commission on Castle jewels
